“…The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) is a semi-analytical technique that was introduced in the late 1990's to model problems of unbounded media (Wolf & Song, 2000). Since its inception, the SBFEM has been further developed for applications in many different fields in engineering including fracture propagation (He et al, 2021), heat conduction problems (Yu et al, 2021), electrostatic problems (Liu & Lin, 2012), acoustic analysis (Liu et al, 2019), dispersion analysis (Gravenkamp et al, 2012) and seepage flow (Johari & Heydari, 2018). A salient feature of SBFEM is that it requires only a simple scaling condition during the discretisation of a domain into a computational mesh and hence enables its formulation on any arbitrary polygon (Ooi et al, 2018) or quadtree of scales varying from small to large (K. .…”