An ecological risk assessment for a South African acid mine drainage

Jooste, Sebastian; Thirion, Christa

doi:10.2166/wst.1999.0670

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…They are associated with numerous diseases including cancers. Some of these chemical species may accumulate and be biomagnified in living organisms, hence threatening the life of higher trophic organisms such as birds [68]. Lead causes blood disorders, kidney damage, miscarriages and reproductive disorders and is linked to various cancers.…”

Section: Toxic Chemical Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Contamination by Heavy Metals

Masindi¹,

Muedi²

2018

Heavy Metals

601

377

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The environment and its compartments have been severely polluted by heavy metals. This has compromised the ability of the environment to foster life and render its intrinsic values. Heavy metals are known to be naturally occurring compounds, but anthropogenic activities introduce them in large quantities in different environmental compartments. This leads to the environment's ability to foster life being reduced as human, animal, and plant health become threatened. This occurs due to bioaccumulation in the food chains as a result of the nondegradable state of the heavy metals. Remediation of heavy metals requires special attention to protect soil quality, air quality, water quality, human health, animal health, and all spheres as a collection. Developed physical and chemical heavy metal remediation technologies are demanding costs which are not feasible, time-consuming, and release additional waste to the environment. This chapter summarises the problems related to heavy metal pollution and various remediation technologies. A case study in South Africa mines were also used.

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Section: Toxic Chemical Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Contamination by Heavy Metals

Masindi¹,

Muedi²

2018

Heavy Metals

601

377

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“…Site KL2 was characterised by high numbers of Leptoceridae and Chironomidae in particular. Leptoceridae are known to be relatively tolerant of acidic conditions (Jooste and Thirion, ) while Chironomidae are commonly regarded as being relatively tolerant to metal pollution (Cranfield et al , ; Dickman and Rygiel, ). Sites OL1, WG7 and OL8 were all characterised by relatively good water quality with high pH and alkalinity, low metal concentrations, and a higher number of macroinvertebrate taxa, although each with quite distinct macroinvertebrate communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate, Transport and Effects of Pollutants Originating from Acid Mine Drainage in the Olifants River, South Africa

Dabrowski

Hill

MacMillan

et al. 2014

River Research & Apps

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Concentrations of pollutants were measured in water, sediment and algal samples collected along a longitudinal gradient from a stretch of the Olifants River, South Africa, that receives AMD from the Klipspruit River. The effects of AMD were determined through macroinvertebrate biotic indices (SASS5) and multivariate analysis of macroinvertebrate communities. The acidic Klipspruit River caused increased concentrations of total Al, Fe and Mn in the Olifants River. Upon mixing of the Klipspruit with that from the alkaline Olifants River, Al and Fe precipitate rapidly, leading to lower concentrations in the dissolved phase and higher concentrations in the suspended phase and in sediment at sites in close proximity to the confluence. Similarly filamentous algae accumulated high concentrations of Al, Fe and Zn immediately after the confluence. Mn remains in the dissolved phase and sediment and algal concentrations increase with increasing distance downstream. Metal speciation analysis indicate that Al is rapidly converted from more toxic forms (e.g., Al 3+ and Al(OH) 2+ ) to less toxic forms (e.g., Al(OH) 3 (aq) and Al(OH) 4-). In contrast, Mn remains in the soluble Mn 2+ form.Macroinvertebrate metrics and community structure showed clear signs of deterioration in water quality in the Olifants River downstream of the point of AMD input. While total TDS concentrations at all sites fall within ranges likely to affect macroinvertebrates, the relative composition of major ions changes as a result of AMD input, which may also account for the observed changes in macroinvertebrate communities. Further downstream, the Wilge River discharges into the Olifants River, and significantly improves water quality downstream of the confluence. Future mining and development activities in the Wilge catchment should be carefully managed and monitored so as to ensure sufficient flows of acceptable quality to prevent further deterioration of water quality in the Olifants River and downstream reservoirs.

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“…High concentrations of toxic metals have been found in plants [41], insects [82] and mammals [43]. High concentrations, especially of lead, are the cause of many human diseases [51,52,54] The following have been indicated: attention-related behaviour problems, IQ decrements, poorer academic performance, possible puberty delays in older children, renal effects, blood disorders, kidney damage, miscarriages and reproductive disorders as well as significant increase in the risk of cancer.…”

Section: Toxic Metal Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important factor in the Antonia Hill design was the health risk [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The release of poisonous metal compounds into the soil was discussed in [55][56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminated Areas as Recreational Places—Exploring the Validity of the Decisions Taken in the Development of Antonia Hill in Ruda Śląska, Poland

Rostański

2021

Land

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This paper describes the experimental developing of a post-zinc industry spoil heap in Ruda Śląska, Silesia (an industrial region of Poland), that was turned into a recreational area. The aim of the present article is to analyse the design process and evaluate its effects. The project in question was meant to be a pilot action of the international one entitled Implementation of Sustainable Land Use in Integrated Environmental Management of Functional Urban Areas—LUMAT, whose Polish part was the Action Plan for the Functional Urban Area of Chorzów, Ruda Śląska and Świętochłowice. The Antonia Hill project involved many aspects and fields of study in order to achieve its aims: limiting the health risk of the Hill’s users, maximising the safety of its use as a recreational area, educating its users in the local history and their cultural identity, raising their awareness of the natural environment and its protection. The predominant remediation method was the process described by Loures and Vaz with a modified order of the elements so as to obtain the effect of remediation and development at the same time. The first step was carried out in the form of the site analysis and the potential adaptation possibilities. The next stage was the participatory workshops in the form of Enquiry by Design. The implementation was carried out in accordance with the evidence-based design. The multi-layered structure of the area was built by selecting ideas, activities and goals following the Modelling Nature Method. After the implementation, the facility evaluation process was made by means of the POE method.

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An ecological risk assessment for a South African acid mine drainage

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental Contamination by Heavy Metals

Environmental Contamination by Heavy Metals

Fate, Transport and Effects of Pollutants Originating from Acid Mine Drainage in the Olifants River, South Africa

Contaminated Areas as Recreational Places—Exploring the Validity of the Decisions Taken in the Development of Antonia Hill in Ruda Śląska, Poland

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