An economic and environmental assessment on landfill gas to vehicle fuel conversion for waste hauling operations

Winslow, Kevin M.; Laux, S.E.; Townsend, Timothy G.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.11.021

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The unit MJ/MJ was used in this study; that is, the energy of standard coal is used to measure the value of mining or producing another kind of energy [79,80], such as biogas [74] and landfill gas [81], hydrogen [82,83] and ethanol [84]. In the case of biogas and landfill gas, this is suitable for combining with natural gas.…”

Section: Energy Stages Energy Resource Extraction and Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

Wang

Tang

2022

Sustainability

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New energy vehicles (NEVs), especially electric vehicles (EVs), address the important task of reducing the greenhouse effect. It is particularly important to measure the environmental efficiency of new energy vehicles, and the life cycle analysis (LCA) model provides a comprehensive evaluation method of environmental efficiency. To provide researchers with knowledge regarding the research trends of LCA in NEVs, a total of 282 related studies were counted from the Web of Science database and analyzed regarding their research contents, research preferences, and research trends. The conclusion drawn from this research is that the stages of energy resource extraction and collection, carrier production and energy transportation, maintenance, and replacement are not considered to be research links. The stages of material, equipment, and car transportation and operation equipment settling, and forms of use need to be considered in future research. Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (HFCEVs), vehicle type classification, the water footprint, battery recovery and reuse, and battery aging are the focus of further research, and comprehensive evaluation combined with more evaluation methods is the direction needed for the optimization of LCA. According to the results of this study regarding EV and hybrid power vehicles (including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), fuel-cell electric vehicles (FCEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and extended range electric vehicles (EREV)), well-to-wheel (WTW) average carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been less than those in the same period of gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles (GICEV). However, EV and hybrid electric vehicle production CO2 emissions have been greater than those during the same period of GICEV and the total CO2 emissions of EV have been less than during the same period of GICEV.

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Section: Energy Stages Energy Resource Extraction and Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

Wang

Tang

2022

Sustainability

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“…Wax is typically used for coating and candles. Winslow et al (Winslow et al, 2019) conducted an economic assessment on LFG to vehicle fuel conversion for a waste hauling operation with 10 tractor-trailers (each tractortrailer hauled $19 Mg of MSW per trip to generate 1,900 m 3 CH 4 ). The CNG was produced from LFG at the landfill for vehicle use.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LFG refining process consisted of pressurizing the gas and removing impurities (e.g., siloxane, CO 2 , and hydrogen sulfide). The net present value per diesel gallon equivalent (DGE) of operating this scenario over a 30-year period was determined to be $2.31 at a renewable identification number (RIN) value of $0/DGE (Winslow et al, 2019). Herz et al evaluated the biogas conversion to waxes (i.e., long-chained hydrocarbons that are solid at ambient conditions) through steam reforming and FTS.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Reforming to Syngas: A Review

et al. 2020

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Interest in novel uses of biogas has increased recently due to concerns about climate change and greater emphasis on renewable energy sources. Although biogas is frequently used in low-value applications such as heating and fuel in engines or even just flared, reforming is an emerging strategy for converting biogas to syngas, which could then be used to obtain high-value-added liquid fuels and chemicals. Interest also exists due to the role of dry, bi-, and tri-reforming in the capture and utilization of CO 2 . New research efforts have explored efficient and effective reforming catalysts, as specifically applied to biogas. In this paper, we review recent developments in dry, bi-, and tri-reforming, where the CO 2 in biogas is used as an oxidant/ partial oxidant. The synthesis, characterization, lifetime, deactivation, and regeneration of candidate reforming catalysts are discussed in detail. The thermodynamic limitation and techno-economics of biogas conversion are also discussed.

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“…The use of RNG as a low-carbon vehicle produced from various waste sources in the United States has also been studied and has been shown to be feasible as well, specifically utilizing organic waste from landfills and manure from farms [9]. Landfills, in particular, have shown great promise as a waste-to-energy source for compressed natural gas but also for electricity production and an alternative vehicle fuel [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Feasibility of Renewable Natural Gas in New Jersey

et al. 2021

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With traditional natural gas being one of the top options for heating in the United States and the present threat of climate change, there is a demand for an alternative clean fuel source. A Renewable Natural Gas Implementation Decision-Making Conceptual Model was created to provide a framework for considering the feasibility of renewable natural gas (RNG) projects and applied to New Jersey, specifically investigating landfills and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Data from the US EPA’s Landfill Methane Outreach Program and New Jersey’s Department of Environmental Protection Sewage Sludge databases were used to identify seven landfills and 22 WWTPs as possible locations for RNG projects. Landfills were found to have a higher potential for producing RNG, on average potentially producing enough RNG to heat 12,792 homes per year versus 1227 for the average WWTP. Additionally, landfills, while having higher capital expenses, have lower projected payback periods, averaging 5.19 years compared to WWTP’s 11.78 years. WWTPs, however, generally are located closer to existing natural gas pipelines than landfills and when they produce more than 362 million standard cubic feet per year (MMSCFY) of biogas are financially feasible. RNG projects at Monmouth County Reclamation Center, Ocean County Landfill, and Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission WWTP show the greatest potential. Greenhouse gas emission reductions from RNG projects at these facilities utilizing all available biogas would be 1.628 million metric tons CO2 equivalence per year, synonymous to removing over 351,000 passenger vehicles from the road each year. In addition, expanding federal and state incentives to encompass RNG as a heating fuel is necessary to reduce financial barriers to RNG projects throughout the US. Overall, this paper supports the hypothesized conceptual model in examining the feasibility of RNG projects through examples from New Jersey and confirms the potential for RNG production utilizing existing waste streams.

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An economic and environmental assessment on landfill gas to vehicle fuel conversion for waste hauling operations

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

Biogas Reforming to Syngas: A Review

The Feasibility of Renewable Natural Gas in New Jersey

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