An effective foreground/background segmentation approach for bootstrapping video sequences

Background initialization and foreground segmentation for bootstrapping video sequences

“…Otherwise, FR ≤ TH still ≤ (FR + FR/2). The threshold values TH still for the six video sequences, namely, "Highway-1," "Highway-2," "S1-T1-C-3," "S1-T1-C-4," "Vignal," and "Granguardia," by the proposed approach are empirically set to 15,15,35,35,20, and 20, respectively. "S1-T1-C-3" " Granguardia" Reddy approach, a bootstrapping video sequence with a large number of video frames is required to obtain the free ("true") modeled background frame, due to some blocks in each video frame might be erroneously estimated based on the corresponding candidate block set in the frequency domain.…”

“…Motion estimation is performed between the two consecutive video frames, I t and I t-1 using a block matching algorithm so that each block in I t is determined as either "static" or "moving." In this study, the sum of absolute differences (SAD) is used as the cost function for block matching between block b (i,j) t in I t and the corresponding block in I t-1 and the search range for motion estimation is set to ±N/2 [35,36]. (a) 90% of the SAD for the null-vector (0,0), D mv(0,0) , the block is determined as a "moving" block; otherwise, it is determined as a "static" block [19,35].…”