An effective polysulfide trapping polar interlayer for high rate Li–S batteries

Saravanan, K.; Balakumar, K; Nazrulla, Mohammed Azeezulla; Krishnamurty, Saïlaja; Kalaiselvi, N.

doi:10.1039/c9ta00233b

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…A low discharge capacity of just 151 mA h g −1 after 100 th discharge cycle was retained by the Li-S cell with PP separator. The fast capacity fade could be associated with the highly porous structure of PP separator which is permeable to Li polysulfides and the Li dendrites 71,72 . It is worth mentioning that the extended voltage profile is observed during initial charging cycle in Li-S cell with pristine PP separator triggering longer charge times before attaining the upper cut off voltage, which could possibly be associated either with the Li polysulfide shuttling phenomenon during charging process 73 or with the lower open circuit voltage of the cell 74 (lower discharge capacity was observed for the initial cycle).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries

Din

Murugan

2019

Sci Rep

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Lithium metal batteries are among the strong contenders to meet the increasing energy demands of the modern world. Metallic lithium (Li) is light in weight, possesses very low standard negative electrochemical potential and offers an enhanced theoretical capacity (3860 mA h g−1). As a negative electrode Li paves way to explore variety of elements including oxygen, sulfur and various other complex oxides as potential positive electrodes with a promise of much higher energy densities than that of conventional positive electrodes. However, there are technical challenges in utilizing metallic lithium due to its higher reactivity towards liquid electrolytes and higher affinity to form Li dendrites, leading to serious safety concerns. Here, we report on preparation of niobium (Nb) metal-coated binder-free and highly hydrophilic polypropylene separator prepared via radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Thin layer of niobium metal (Nb) particles were deposited onto the polypropylene (PP) sheet for various time periods to achieve desired coating thickness. The as-prepared separator revealed excellent hydrophilic behaviour due to enhanced surface wettability. Symmetric cells display reduced interface resistance and uniform voltage profiles for 1000 cycles with reduced polarization at higher current densities suggesting smooth stripping and plating of Li and homogeneous current distribution at electrode/electrolyte interface under room temperature conditions. Nb nanolayer protected separator with LiNi0.33M0.33Co0.33O2 (LNMC) and composite sulfur cathodes revealed an enhanced cycling stability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries

Din

Murugan

2019

Sci Rep

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“…Recent research studies show that the two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) can effectively trap LiPSs and exert a powerful effect on the performance of the LSBs. The interaction between g-C 3 N 4 and LiPSs is mainly due to the chemical bonds between the pyridinic-N atoms of g-C 3 N 4 and Li atoms of LiPSs. − Recent research has shown that the catalytic effect can promote the conversion of soluble long-chain LiPSs to solid Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S and increase the utilization of the active materials in LSBs . Although g-C 3 N 4 is used in LSBs, the inferior conductivity of the semiconducting g-C 3 N 4 leads to slow reaction kinetics and reduces the utilization of sulfur during the discharge and charge processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Performance of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with Co-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheet-Based Separator

Luo

Bai

Sun

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Lithium−sulfur batteries are considered as one of the most potential energy storage devices in the future owing to their ideal theoretical energy density and specific capacity. However, the shuttle of soluble polysulfides and sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfides lead to insufficient use efficiency of active sulfur and the rapid capacity fading. In this study, novel Co-doped g-C 3 N 4 (Co−CN) nanosheets are fabricated by a simple calcination process. The high discharge capacity of the commercial bulk S cathode with the Co−CN-modified separator is 1121 mAh g −1 at 0.2C with a satisfying rate performance of up to 3C. The Co−CN-modified separator also leads to excellent stability (640 mAh g −1 after 250 cycles) with high Coulombic efficiency of over 98%. At the sulfur mass loading of 3 mg cm −2 , the cell can still deliver a discharge capacity of 719 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles with a high capacity retention of 95%. The improved performance can be attributed to the effective restriction of polysulfides shuttle due to the enhanced adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides by the Co−CN nanosheet-modified separator. This work shares a simple and highly efficient strategy for increasing the performance of lithium−sulfur batteries.

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“…In short, an interlayer can effectively mitigate the polysulfides cross-over and make them available for further redox reactions. In this context, polar and functionalized carbon-based materials have intensively been reported as interlayer components. − However, carbon-based interlayers are found to exhibit sluggish reaction kinetics toward the conversion of higher to lower order LIPSs, which results in capacity fading upon extended cycles …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ Formed Polar Fe₂N/MCMB Hybrid Interlayer for High-Rate Li–S Batteries

Muralidharan

Kalaiselvi

2021

Energy Fuels

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Owing to its high theoretical capacity (1675 mA h g −1 ) and high theoretical energy density (2600 W h kg −1 ), lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries receive intense attention as an alternate to current lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Sulfur, a surplus byproduct from petroleum industry along with an earth-abundant nature, ensures the low-cost production of Li−S batteries compared to LIBs. However, the common technical hurdles associated with sulfur such as low conductivity and poor cyclability due to the polysulfide shuttling effect hinder the realistic applications. In the current work, cashewnut sheath-derived biocarbon (CNS) is utilized as a host material for sulfur cathodes, in order to enhance the conductivity and to realize better electrochemical performance, especially at low current rates. For instance, a 50 wt % sulfur-loaded CNS cathode (CNS50S) shows a high specific capacity of 680 mA h g −1 at C/10 rate even after 700 cycles with a gravimetric energy density of 415 W h kg −1 . When the in situ formed polar Fe 2 N/MCMB was introduced as an interlayer, excellent electrochemical performance is obtained for CNS@SS cathodes even at high rates due to the effective mitigation of lithium polysulfide dissolution and efficient reutilization of absorbed polysulfides on the interlayer surface. For example, CNS50SIL and CNS60SIL cathodes deliver a specific capacity of 343 and 518 mA h g −1 at a high rate of 1C even after 120 cycles, respectively. This study offers ample scope to exploit CNS@SS composite cathodes for real-time applications and throws light on the importance of custom-designed Fe-based polar interlayers in improving the electrochemical behavior of Li−S batteries in terms of capacity at high rates.

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An effective polysulfide trapping polar interlayer for high rate Li–S batteries

Abstract: A microporous and polymeric C3N4 framework (CNF), when exploited as an interlayer and as a cathode host in Li–S batteries, demonstrates significantly improved electrochemical behavior with a special relevance to high rate applications up to 5C.

Cited by 28 publications

References 50 publications

Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries

Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries

Enhanced Performance of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with Co-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheet-Based Separator

In-situ Formed Polar Fe₂N/MCMB Hybrid Interlayer for High-Rate Li–S Batteries

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An effective polysulfide trapping polar interlayer for high rate Li–S batteries

Abstract: A microporous and polymeric C3N4 framework (CNF), when exploited as an interlayer and as a cathode host in Li–S batteries, demonstrates significantly improved electrochemical behavior with a special relevance to high rate applications up to 5C.

Cited by 28 publications

References 50 publications

Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries

Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries

Enhanced Performance of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with Co-Doped g-C3N4 Nanosheet-Based Separator

In-situ Formed Polar Fe2N/MCMB Hybrid Interlayer for High-Rate Li–S Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Enhanced Performance of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with Co-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheet-Based Separator

In-situ Formed Polar Fe₂N/MCMB Hybrid Interlayer for High-Rate Li–S Batteries