“…Association rule mining (ARM) algorithms consider only the presence or absence of items in a complete transaction; they do not reflect semantic factors such as cost, profit, and so forth. High utility pattern mining algorithms (Ahmed et al 2009;Ahmed, Tanbeer, and Jeong 2010a;Chu, Tseng, and Liang 2009;Erwin, Gopalan, and Achuthan 2007a;Li 2011;Liu, Liao, and Choudhary 2005a;Tseng, Chu, and Liang 2006;Tseng et al 2010;Wu et al 2012;Yao and Hamilton 2006;Yin, Zheng, and Cao 2012) resolve the problems in ARM by considering nonbinary values in transactions and different profit values of every item.…”