“…Early approaches in recommender systems were based on the popular content‐based filtering (CBF) algorithms. These algorithms model user profiles by associating their preferences with the item content (Degemmis, Lops, & Semeraro, 2007; Eirinaki, Vazirgiannis, & Varlamis, 2003; Hawashin, Lafi, Kanan, & Mansour, 2019; Jannach et al, 2010; Magnini & Strapparava, 2001; Martins, Belém, Almeida, & Gonçalves, 2016; Renckes, Polat, & Oysal, 2012). The user preferences can be of different forms, for example, ratings or interactions, and can be elicited explicitly (Billsus & Pazzani, 1999), or implicitly (Kelly & Teevan, 2003).…”