An Electrochemical Device for Carbon Dioxide Concentration. I. System Design and Performance

Winnick, Jack; Marshall, Richard D.; Schubert, F. H.

doi:10.1021/i260049a011

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…In manned spacecraft missions, the expense of maintaining separate oxygen supply and carbon dioxide removal systems direct attention to a dual performance system, one which not only removes carbon dioxide but also generates a concentrated The average man requires Some kg Of Oxygen per day and generates approximately kg Of dioxide per day (Sribnik stream for subsequent treatment for oxygen recovery. An ear]y system which pedormed this task was the aqueous alkaline carbon dioxide concentrator (Lin and Winnick, 1974;Winnick, et al, 1974;Abdel Salam and Winnick, 1976;Life Systems, Inc., 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide concentration for manned spacecraft using a molten carbonate electrochemical cell

1982

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide concentration for manned spacecraft using a molten carbonate electrochemical cell

1982

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“…Immobilized liquid membranes which contain a mobile reactive carrier have been used to separate mixtures containing acid gases, for example, CO, and H2S (Ward and Robb 1967, Winnick et al 1974, Matson et al 1977. Due to the reversible chemical reaction which occurs in the liquid layer, high membrane permeability and selectivity for a specific permeant can be achieved at atmospheric pressure.…”

Section: Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

The facilitated transport of carbon monoxide through cuprous chloride solution

Smith

Quinn

1980

AIChE Journal

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The facilitated transport of carbon monoxide through thin, immobilized films of cuprous chloride solutions is investigated, using a tracer C140 technique. Steady-state tracer flux measurements are used to determine the second-order forward rate constant and equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction of CO with cuprous ion. The enhanced results at low CO partial pressures can be interpreted in terms of a consecutive reaction model. The cuprous ion is remarkably effective as a carrier for CO. The CO permeation rate in the presence of cuprous ion can be increased by two orders of magnitude over the nonfacilitated flux. As such, the cuprous ion is an attractive facilitating agent for use in a membrane separation system. SCOPEImmobilized liquid membranes which contain a mobile reactive carrier have been used to separate mixtures containing acid gases, for example, CO, and H2S (Ward and Robb 1967, Winnick et al. 1974, Matson et al. 1977. Due to the reversible chemical reaction which occurs in the liquid layer, high membrane permeability and selectivity for a specific permeant can be achieved at atmospheric pressure. In addition, since the complex formed near the upstream (high concentration) boundary dissociates near the downstream (low concentration) boundary, no net reaction occurs in the membrane, eliminating the need for a regeneration step in this type of separation scheme.The complexation reaction of CO with cuprous ion has been widely used for CO removal in industrial absorbers (Kohl and Riesenfeld 1960). In our study, the reaction has been adapted for use in a membrane geometry. Two comp!ementary experiments were conducted to evaluate this reaction system. Using the tracer technique of Donaldson and @inn (1975), the reaction kinetics are explored by measuring the steady-state flux of C'4O through cuprous chloride solutions equilibrated with equal partial pressures of untagged CC). The transport data are compared to an analytical model for simultaneous reaction and diffusion. The net flux of CO through these membranes was also monitored, by the parallel flux of tracer C14O. The extent of flux enhancement was measured as a function of CO partial pressure, total copper concentration, and membrane thickness. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCEThe carrier-mediated transport of CO by cuprous chloride anion, Cu(Cl)3-2, through thin (190 pm) liquid membranes lies intermediate between the two limiting regimes of very fast and very slow reaction rates. At high CO partial pressures (100% CO), the CO flux is well described by a simple bimolecular reaction model, with an equilibrium constant of 1,600 M-1 and a second-order forward rate constant of 8,400 M-1 s-l at 25OC. As the CO partial pressure is reduced, the measured enhancement is higher than anticipated. This additional facilitation is discussed in terms of a consecutive reaction model, where the product of the primary reaction can further react with the carrier, forming a second CO-containing species.Carbon monoxide transport with a 5% CO upstream concentration is m...

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“…The removal of carbon dioxide has been addressed due to its industrial and biological importance (Kimura et al, 1973; Barrer et al, 1980;Gros et al, 1980;Kang and Winnick, 1985). Winnick and coworkers have investigated the case of an electrochemical cell that concentrates sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide (Lin and Winnick, 1974;Winnick et al, 1974;Townley andWinnick, 1981, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous electrochemically modulated complexation separations process

Jemaa¹,

Walls²,

Noble³

et al. 1993

AIChE Journal

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A continuous electrochemically modulated complexation (EMC) process was devised to extract and concentrate a class of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds. This design is composed of flow-through electrolysis cells for redox modulation and cycling of the complexing agent and hollow-fiber membrane modules for phase contacting. The extent of both extraction and concentration was found to depend mainly on the magnitude of the distribution coefficients for both steps. Experimental results and modeling of this continuous EMCprocess are reported, as well as potential applications for this process for other separations.

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An Electrochemical Device for Carbon Dioxide Concentration. I. System Design and Performance

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Carbon dioxide concentration for manned spacecraft using a molten carbonate electrochemical cell

Carbon dioxide concentration for manned spacecraft using a molten carbonate electrochemical cell

The facilitated transport of carbon monoxide through cuprous chloride solution

Continuous electrochemically modulated complexation separations process

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