An elm bark beetle bioassay for residual efficacy of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin used for the control of Dutch elm disease in Manitoba

Jin, Huiran; Webster, G. R. B.; Holliday, N. J.; Pines, Philip A.; Westwood, Alana R.

doi:10.1080/03601239609373036

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Bioassay Method for Determination of Insecticidal Persistence of Cypermethrin in Elm Bark. Details of the bioassay of residual cypermethrin in bark are contained in Jin et al (1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence, Penetration, and Surface Availability of Cypermethrin and Its Major Degradation Products in Elm Bark

Jin

Webster

1998

J. Agric. Food Chem.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The initial residues of cis-A, trans-C, cis-B, and trans-D cypermethrin in elm bark treated with a 400× aqueous dilution of Ripcord 40 EC (1.0 g of active ingredient/L) to runoff ranged from 29 to 58, from 24 to 53, from 25 to 35, and from 17 to 25 μg/g, respectively. These residues dissipated quickly with half-lives of 1.60−12.0 days for the faster dissipation phase. The dissipation of cypermethrin during the later period became much slower, with dissipation half-lives of 209−365 days. Cypermethrin residues in elm bark remained 100% effective against the native elm bark beetle for ∼60 days after application. Laboratory tests indicated that cypermethrin residues in the bark were 100% effective in preventing elm bark beetles from making overwintering tunnels for up to 627 days (fall application) and 433 days (spring application). No penetration of cypermethrin to the cambium layer or wood tissue was detected during the experimental period of 791 days. Total cypermethrin residue absorbed from treated elm bark during a 1 min contact period did not exceed the acceptable daily intake for humans. Keywords: Cypermethrin; degradation products; elm bark; elm bark beetle; residue; effectiveness; penetration; contact availability

show abstract

“…Bioassay Method for Determination of Insecticidal Persistence of Cypermethrin in Elm Bark. Details of the bioassay of residual cypermethrin in bark are contained in Jin et al (1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence, Penetration, and Surface Availability of Cypermethrin and Its Major Degradation Products in Elm Bark

Jin

Webster

1998

J. Agric. Food Chem.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because these studies assessed insect performance on living trees, or emergence from logs, they did not provide a detailed time course of efÞcacy. Jin et al (1996) developed the bark disk bioassay method and reported 100% mortality in 24-h bioassays from an application of 0.48% chlorpyrifos in bark disks from the day of application to the end of their two experiments 791 and 532 d later. Such duration of efÞcacy allows for applications to be made in late summer or spring that kill beetles entering overwintering sites for the following two winters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduction of H. rufipes populations by basal spraying is an important component of the management of Dutch elm disease (Gardiner 1976, Westwood 1991, and the long-term effectiveness of chlorpyrifos on the corky bark substrate at the base of elm trees (Lanier et al 1984, Jin et al 1996 has made it the insecticide of choice for this purpose. In Canada, should chlorpyrifos become unavailable, permethrin could be a stop-gap substitute, because it is already registered for bark beetle control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Overwintering Hylurgopinus rufipes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Oghiakhe

Holliday

2011

jnl. econ. entom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A bark disk bioassay was used to assess the effectiveness of different insecticides for control of overwintering adult native elm bark beetles, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichoff) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Insecticides were applied to the base of the trunks of living American elm trees, Ulmus americana L., and bark disk samples were removed at intervals with a hole saw. Adult H. rufipes were exposed in bioassay chambers for which the bark disks formed the floor of the chamber. In September 2005, chlorpyrifos, permethrin, and a water control were applied to trees in five replicated blocks, and bark disk samples were taken at intervals over the following 725 d. In September 2006, chlorpyrifos, permethrin, carbaryl, bifenthrin, and a water control were applied to trees in six replicated blocks, and disk samples were removed at intervals up to 1,163 d after application. In both experiments, beetle mortality was 100% on chlorpyrifos-treated disks removed up to 725 d after treatment and, in the 2006 trial, declined thereafter. The pattern of mortality in the bifenthrin treatment did not differ significantly from that in the chlorpyrifos treatment in the 2006 experiment. Average corrected mortality on disks treated with permethrin or carbaryl declined below 100% by 11 d after application. On disks removed in the May following treatment, 248 d after application, average corrected mortality was 42-44% on permethrin-treated disks and 26% on carbaryl-treated disks.

show abstract

“…In 2010, the program had a budget of CAD $1.3 million and operated in 31 urban communities and in buffer zones surrounding the Cities of Winnipeg and Brandon, both of which have their own management programs. Main elements of the programs are area-wide sanita-tion of diseased and declining elms, regular insecticide applications to the basal part of healthy elm trees to control overwintering H. rufipes (Jin et al 1996;Anderson and Holliday 2003;Oghiakhe and Holliday 2011), and regular pruning of dead wood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Removal of Symptomatic Trees Reduces Dutch Elm Disease Infection Rates

Veilleux¹,

Leferink²,

Holliday³

2012

AUF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the province of Manitoba, Canada, 14 communities were paired on the basis of size and location. From 2004 to 2010 in one member of each pair, rapid removal of American elm (Ulmus americana) trees that displayed symptoms of Dutch elm disease was practiced: newly symptomatic trees were removed within six weeks of symptom detection. The remaining member of each pair continued with autumn or winter removal of symptomatic trees. Treed urban study areas were selected in each community, and in 2008 an inventory of U. americana was taken in these areas. From this inventory and from records of tree removals, estimates of the number of living U. americana and prevalence of Dutch elm disease were made for each year from 2004 to 2010. Following the switch to rapid removal, the annual prevalence of Dutch elm disease in rapid removal communities was 1.5 ± 0.2%, significantly lower than in communities with autumn/winter removal (3.1 ± 0.4%). The study authors estimate that in similar areas the value of the elm resource after 10 years would be almost CAD $600,000/km2 greater if rapid removal rather than autumn/winter removal were practiced. Therefore, under conditions similar to those in these communities, rapid removal should be a component of management programs for Dutch elm disease.

show abstract

An elm bark beetle bioassay for residual efficacy of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin used for the control of Dutch elm disease in Manitoba

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Persistence, Penetration, and Surface Availability of Cypermethrin and Its Major Degradation Products in Elm Bark

Persistence, Penetration, and Surface Availability of Cypermethrin and Its Major Degradation Products in Elm Bark

Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Overwintering Hylurgopinus rufipes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Rapid Removal of Symptomatic Trees Reduces Dutch Elm Disease Infection Rates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About