An Enzyme Immunoassay for the Determination of Methabenzthiazuron

The article contains sections titled: 1. Enzymatic Analysis Methods 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Enzymes: Basic Kinetics 1.3. Enzyme Assays: Practical Aspects 1.3.1. General Considerations 1.3.2. Spectrometric Methods 1.3.3. Other Methods 1.3.4. Effects of pH, Buffer, Composition, and Temperature 1.3.5. Sources and Activity of Enzymes 1.4. Enzyme Assays: Determination of Substrates 1.4.1. General Considerations 1.4.2. Determination of Glucose 1.4.3. Determination of Ethanol 1.5. Enzyme Assays: Determination of Inhibitors 1.5.1. Inhibitors of Cholinesterase Enzymes 1.5.2. Other Inhibition Methods 1.6. Enzyme Assays: Determination of Activators 1.6.1. Determination of Metal Ions by Metalloenzymes 1.6.2. Other Activator Analyses 1.7. Immobilized Enzymes 1.7.1. Introduction 1.7.2. Properties of Immobilized Enzymes 1.7.3. Application of Immobilized Enzymes 2. Immunoassays in Analytical Chemistry 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Polyclonal, Monoclonal, and Recombinant Antibodies 2.3. Sample Conditioning 2.4. Immunoassays 2.4.1. Radioimmunoassay 2.4.1.1. Isotopic Dilution Radioimmunoassay 2.4.1.2. Immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA) 2.4.2. Nonisotopic Homogeneous Immunoassay 2.4.2.1. Latex Particle Agglutination Immunoassay 2.4.2.2. Enzyme‐Multiplied Immunoassay Technique (EMIT) 2.4.2.3. Apoenzyme Reconstitution Immunoassay System (ARIS) 2.4.2.4. Fluorophore‐Labeled Homogeneous Immunoassay 2.4.2.5. Homogeneous Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay (FPIA) 2.4.2.6. Homogeneous Liposome Immunoassay 2.4.3. Nonisotopic Heterogeneous Immunoassay 2.4.3.1. Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) 2.4.3.2. Sandwich Immunoassay 2.4.3.3. Immunoassays using Immobilized Affinity Ligands 2.4.3.4. Immunoassays with Biotin and Avidin 2.4.3.5. Magnetic Particle Immunoassay 2.5. Immunoaffinity Techniques 2.6. Immunoassays on Test Strips and other Planar Structures 2.7. Characterization and Interference 2.8. Future Immunological Applications and Techniques

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Immunochemical Assays in Pesticide Analysis

Dankwardt

¹

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Immunochemical assays (immunoassays, IAs) are biochemical assays which work according to the law of mass action. They are based on the recognition of an antigen (Ag) or a hapten by antibodies (Abs). Abs are serum glycoproteins of the immunoglobulin (Ig) class and are produced by the vertebrate immune system against foreign material of high molecular mass. The result of the binding reaction between the Ab and an analyte is usually made visible by means of enzymatic, chemiluminescent, fluorescent or radioactive markers. According to the label used IAs can be classified into enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), radioimmunoassays (RIAs), fluorescence immunoassays (FIAs) or chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs). The measuring range of most IAs for pesticides is in the parts per trillion to lower parts per billion range. A lot of samples can be analyzed within a short time, while only low sample volumes are necessary. In many cases (water, some liquid food samples) no extraction step and no cleanup are necessary. Not all assays are completely specific to one single compound. Cross‐reactivities of the Abs with haptens similar to the analyte can be observed. In some cases, matrix effects may occur, especially with soil or colored food extracts. Therefore, validation of the assays for the matrix of interest should be carried out. As IAs are usually targeted at a single analyte or a group of analytes, multianalyte approaches using Ab arrays or a combination of immunochemical techniques with liquid chromatography (LC) are pursued.

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An Enzyme Immunoassay for the Determination of Methabenzthiazuron

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Enzyme and Immunoassays

Enzyme and Immunoassays

Enzyme and Immunoassays

Immunochemical Assays in Pesticide Analysis

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