An Epidemiological Study on Anaplasma Infection in Cattle, Sheep, and Goats in Mashhad Suburb, Khorasan Province, Iran

Abstract

The prevalence of Anaplasma infection was studied in cattle, sheep, and goats in the Mashhad area from 1999 to 2002. A total of 160 cattle from 32 farms and 391 sheep and 385 goats from 77 flocks were clinically examined for the presence of Anaplasma spp. in blood smears. The study revealed that 19.37% of cattle were infected with Anaplasma marginale and 80.3% of sheep and 38.92% of goats were infected with Anaplasma ovis. Prevalence of Anaplasma infection between male and female and between different age groups of cattle, sheep, and goats were statistically nonsignificant. Seasonally, the prevalence of Anaplasma infection in sheep and goats reached its highest level in summer, while a decrease was observed in autumn, and reached the lowest level in winter. The seasonal prevalence of Anaplasma infection in cattle was not significantly different. Symptomatic cases were not observed in any of the cattle, sheep, and goats. The ranges of anaplasmatemia in infected cattle, sheep, and goats were 0.005-0.5%, 0.01-3%, and 0.01-3%, respectively.

High Prevalence ofAnaplasmaspp. in Small Ruminants in Morocco

“…In other countries, similar results have been reported in Iran, with a prevalence of 80.3% (Razmi et al., ), and in Portugal and Iraq with 82.5% and 66.6% prevalence, respectively (Renneker et al., ). A lower prevalence (27.5%) in goats has been reported in China (Zhang et al., ), in Sudan and Turkey with 41.6% and 31.4%, respectively, in sheep (Renneker et al., ), in Cyprus (51%) (Chochlakis et al., ) and in Italy (57%) (Torina et al., ,b).…”

“…Acute disease caused by Anaplasma marginale consists of fever, anaemia, jaundice, lethargy and anorexia (Razmi et al., ). Acute disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum may consist of non‐specific febrile syndrome, agalactia or milk drop, respiratory signs and reproductive disorders (Stuen et al., , ; Garcia‐Perez et al., ).…”

Studies on correlations among parasitaemia and some hemolytic indices in two tropical diseases (theileriosis and anaplasmosis) in Fars province of Iran

“…Therefore it seems likely that they were not recovered carriers but were in the early stage of infection. Razmi and colleagues (Razmi et al 2006) reported a low A. marginale parasitaemia in 19.37% of cattle from Mashhad, Khorasan province, Iran. They reported no clinical signs in infected cattle.…”

“…Anaplasmosis is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas but is frequently reported in temperate regions of the world (Kuttler 1984;Losos 1986). Anaplasmosis due to A. marginale is one of the tick borne diseases in Iran, but the prevalence of infection compared with that of Theileria annulata is much lower and limited to some parts of the country such as Fars province in the south and Khorasan province, in the north-east of Iran (Razmi et al 2006). Anaplasmosis is currently classified in list B of the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) Terrestrial Animal Health Code due to its socioeconomic importance and significance in terms of restriction and animal products (OIE 2003).…”

Anaplasma species of veterinary importance in Japan

“…Currently, there are six recognized species under this genus: Anaplasma ovis , Anaplasma marginale , Anaplasma centrale , Anaplasma platys , Anaplasma bovis , and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Figure-1) [1-3]. All of these species have been reported in Japan except for A. ovis , which is an intraerythrocytic bacteria that may infect goats, sheep [4], and cattle [5]. A. ovis has been reported in wildlife, including reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ) [6] and European roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ) [3] in other countries.…”