An Equation for Accurate Prediction of the Viscosities of Blast Furnace Type Slags from Chemical Composition

Iida, Tsutomu; Sakai, Hidenori; Kita, Yoshiyuki; Shigeno, Koichi

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.40.suppl_s110

Cited by 165 publications

(144 citation statements)

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“…Development of a structurally based viscosity model for predictions in the multi-component slag systems valid over wide ranges of compositions and temperatures has been the focus of previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] ; the present paper describes recent developments of the model formalism and its application for fully liquid silicate slags in the Al 2 O 3 -CaO-MgO-SiO 2 system. Similar to other structurally based viscosity slag models, [8][9][10][11][12] the link of viscosities to the complex internal slag structure at the atomic level improves the predictive capability of slag viscosities. The overall description and application of the model to the Al 2 O 3 -CaO-MgO-SiO 2 system presented in these papers is only a part of a wider development of the viscosity model for the Al 2 O 3 -CaO-FeO-Fe 2 O 3 -MgO-Na 2 O-SiO 2 multi-component system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The present as well as other structurally based models [8][9][10][11] have advantages over phenomenological models that express viscosity as a function of just composition. The model parameters of the structurally based models bear physical meaning; the values of the parameters obtained from the lower-order systems can be extrapolated into multi-component and higher-order systems where no experimental data are available, enabling predictions to be performed and, in some cases, discrepancies between experimental data to be identified.…”

Section: ½5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] reduces to the left-hand side in binary silicate systems. This extrapolation of the binary parameters into ternary or multi-component silicate systems is similar to the Kohler/Toop ''asymmetric'' model [44] used in many other models for various properties of complex solutions (for example, Chartland and Pelton [45] in the quasichemical thermodynamic model).…”

Section: Extrapolation Of Binary Parameters Into Multicomponent Simentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quasi-Chemical Viscosity Model for Fully Liquid Slag in the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 System—Part I: Revision of the Model

Suzuki

Jak

2013

Metall Mater Trans B

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A model has been developed that enables the viscosities of the fully liquid slag in the multicomponent Al 2 O 3 -CaO-FeO-Fe 2 O 3 -MgO-Na 2 O-SiO 2 system to be predicted within experimental uncertainties over a wide range of compositions and temperatures. The Eyring equation is used to express viscosity as a function of temperature and composition. The model links the activation and pre-exponential energy terms in the viscosity expression to the slag internal structure through the concentrations of various Si 0.5 O, Me nþ 2=n O , and Me nþ 1=n Si 0:25 O viscous flow structural units (SUs). The concentrations of these SUs are derived from a quasi-chemical thermodynamic model of the liquid slag using the thermodynamic computer package FactSage. The model describes a number of slag viscosity features including the charge compensation effect specific for the Al 2 O 3 -containing systems. The predictive capability of the model is enhanced by the physical aspects of the model parameters-the correlation with other physicochemical properties as well as experimental viscosity data is used to determine model parameters. The present series of two papers outlines (a) recent significant improvements introduced into the model formalism and (b) application of the model to the Al 2 O 3 -CaO-MgOSiO 2 system, review of experimental viscosity data, and optimization of the corresponding model parameters for this system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: ½5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extrapolation Of Binary Parameters Into Multicomponent Simentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quasi-Chemical Viscosity Model for Fully Liquid Slag in the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 System—Part I: Revision of the Model

Suzuki

Jak

2013

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…To calculate mould flux consumption there are many empirical correlations based on analysis of plant data such as those determined by Kwon et al, 32) Nakajima et al 33) and Wolf 34) for slabs and blooms, but the most recommendable for billet casters is that proposed by Ogibayashi 35) which is as follows; To calculate mould flux viscosity there are also many models such as those of Riboud, 36) Rist, 37) Koyama,38) Urbain as is explained by Mills 39) and Iida models. 40) In this work Iida's model was employed to calculate flux viscosity.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shell Thinning Phenomena Affected by Heat Transfer, Nozzle Design and Flux Chemistry in Billets Moulds

Nájera-Bastida¹,

Morales²,

Garcia-Hernandez³

et al. 2010

ISIJ Int.

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Shell thinning affected by nozzle design, flux chemistry, heat transfer and steel flow was simulated through a mathematical model. Two nozzles were studied, the first, S60 with outer and inner diameters of 60 mm and 36 mm and the second, S73, with outer and inner diameters of 73 mm and 36 mm, respectively. Casting conditions include a casting speed of 1.3 m/min, use of a basic flux and a superheat of 36 K. Simulations included hypothetical isothermal casting conditions compared with casting conditions under thermal gradients. Simulation results indicated that the buoyancy forces, generated by thermal fields, exert a braking effect on the discharging jet whose magnitude was approximately 1/4 of the inertial forces. Shell growth along the curved mould walls suffers considerably thinning effects through the transport of sensible heat by convective mechanisms. Both nozzles induce shell thinning although, predictions of this mathematical model, using nozzle S73, indicate severe shell thinning effects in a region located in the inner radius side, down the second half of the mould length. This final shell thickness is very small making possible the existence of a strand breakout. Steel solidification along the flat mould walls leads to thick and uniform shells using either of these nozzles. The present numerical results indicate that in the field of flux design steel chemistry must be taken into account together with nozzle design.

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“…The RCS (Rotary Cup Atomizer) method is a typical dry process for making slag particle, 4,5) however, it has some disadvantage on the mechanism of slag atomizing that the energy of rotation can be not used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of the Formation of Slag Particles by the Rotary Cylinder Atomization

2010

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Slag is a potential resource of energy and materials because it contains a lot of elements and is at the high temperature of around 1 500°C when exhausted.In the previous study, we developed a rotary cylinder atomizing (RCLA) method that can efficiently use the rotation energy for atomizing the molten slag. The minimum diameter of the slag particle was from 10 to 50 % of the nozzle diameter. The obtained slag particles were amorphous spheres with high aspect ratios. The higher rotation speed and smaller nozzle diameter could make smaller particles. In the present study, the mechanism of slag particle formation from spouting slag string through the nozzle was investigated using the high-speed camera and the theoretical approach was performed.The slag was string-shaped when spouted from the nozzle. The relationship between the particle diameter (d) and nozzle diameter (2a) was derived as follows:Where r is density, L is the distance from the center of rotation to the tip of the slag string, Z is rotation speed and g is surface tension of slag.The flow rate of slag was evaluated using Hagen-Poiseuille's equation and the relationship between the particle diameter and the slag string diameter was obtained using Weber's equation. By comparison between the experimental and calculated results, we concluded that a string diameter of 0.2 mm for a 1.3 mm nozzle diameter was adequate in this experiment.KEY WORDS: mechanism of slag atomizing; slag recycle; amorphous slag; rotary cylinder atomizing.

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An Equation for Accurate Prediction of the Viscosities of Blast Furnace Type Slags from Chemical Composition

Cited by 165 publications

References 0 publications

Quasi-Chemical Viscosity Model for Fully Liquid Slag in the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 System—Part I: Revision of the Model

Quasi-Chemical Viscosity Model for Fully Liquid Slag in the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 System—Part I: Revision of the Model

Shell Thinning Phenomena Affected by Heat Transfer, Nozzle Design and Flux Chemistry in Billets Moulds

Mechanism of the Formation of Slag Particles by the Rotary Cylinder Atomization

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