An Estimate of the Proportion of Drug‐Facilitation of Sexual Assault in Four U.S. Localities*

Juhascik, Matthew P.; Negrusz, Adam; Faugno, Diana K.; Ledray, Linda E.; Greene, Pam; Lindner, A; Haner, Barbara; Gaensslen, R. E.

doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00583.x

Cited by 53 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…21 Cannabis, which may be identified in urine samples days or weeks after its use, has been found in 17% to 35% of systematically collected urine samples of alleged victims of sexual assault. 22,23 Recreational drug use is common in adolescents and young adults 24 -26 ; perpetrators of sexual assault may take advantage of the impaired state of a nonconsensual person who has voluntarily used alcohol or drugs. Substances can also be used inadvertently or coercively for sedation, to decrease inhibition, or to increase libido.…”

Section: Substance Use and Sexual Assaultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Care of the Adolescent After an Acute Sexual Assault

Neglect

2017

Pediatrics

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Sexual violence is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of sexual victimizations. Since the American Academy of Pediatrics published its last policy statement on sexual assault in 2008, additional information and data have emerged about sexual violence affecting adolescents and the treatment and management of the adolescent who has been a victim of sexual assault. This report provides new information to update physicians and focuses on the acute assessment and care of adolescent victims who have experienced a recent sexual assault. Follow-up of the acute assault, as well as prevention of sexual assault, are also discussed.

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Section: Substance Use and Sexual Assaultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Care of the Adolescent After an Acute Sexual Assault

Neglect

2017

Pediatrics

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“…Among the victims of a crime such as rape with suspected drug use, a few studies have investigated the prevalence of each drug or illicit product [8,11,16,17]. However, based on some of these studies, it cannot be known whether the substances had been taken voluntarily or with the aim of chemical submission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chemical submission: results of 4-year French inquiry

et al. 2008

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Psychoactive substances may be administered without the knowledge of a victim in order to induce incapacitation and thus facilitate criminal actions. The characteristics of the victims and the drugs used in such suspected chemical submissions (CS) were analyzed in 309 cases collected from October 2003 to December 2007 through a national survey. Out of 309 cases, 158 met all criteria of CS. The victims were mostly female (n = 89, 56%). The type of aggression was mostly sexual assault (in 79 cases 50%). Benzodiazepines and related drugs were detected in 129 victims (82%) and were mostly clonazepam, zolpidem, and bromazepam whereas flunitrazepam and gamma hydroxybutyrate, well known for their use in CS, were identified in 11 (7%) and five (3%) of the 158 victims. CS is not an anecdotal phenomenon in France. Information for health professionals and workers in forensic structures as well as education of the general population associated with preventive measures such as drug dosage form changes should contribute to improved care management of victims and decreased risk.

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“…The increase in drug-facilitated crimes (DFC) makes hair analysis an area of increasing interest [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Blood and urine are the conventional specimens for documenting drug exposures [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposition of ketamine and norketamine in hair after a single dose

et al. 2010

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As a rapid-acting dissociative anesthetic, ketamine has been used in drug-facilitated crimes. The aim of this study is to investigate the disposition of ketamine and its main metabolite norketamine in hair after a single dose of ketamine. Four healthy volunteers were recruited into the study. Hair was collected 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after a single oral dose of ketamine solution (10 mg) and analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The wet cotton swab wiped the scalp of the subjects at 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 1 week after administration. Maximum hair concentrations (C (max)) for ketamine and norketamine were 19.0 ± 6.5 and 18.7 ± 13.3 pg/mg, respectively. Except for the first week, the ratio of ketamine to norketamine in most of segments (87.5%) was greater than 1. All the cotton swab samples collected at 24 and 48 h were positive. The results from cotton swabs and the concentrations of ketamine and norketamine in hair segments collected at different times showed that some of ketamine and norketamine incorporated into hair originated from sweat and sebum on the scalp of the subjects.

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An Estimate of the Proportion of Drug‐Facilitation of Sexual Assault in Four U.S. Localities*

Cited by 53 publications

References 16 publications

Care of the Adolescent After an Acute Sexual Assault

Care of the Adolescent After an Acute Sexual Assault

Chemical submission: results of 4-year French inquiry

Disposition of ketamine and norketamine in hair after a single dose

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