An Evaluation of Commercial Pedometers for Monitoring Slow Walking Speed Populations

Beevi, Femina Hassan Aysha; Miranda, Jorge; Pedersen, Christian Fischer; Wagner, Stefan

doi:10.1089/tmj.2015.0120

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although patients operated for proximal femur fractures move differently and walk slowly compared to a young and healthy population [28], their physical activity could be measured reliably using a specific algorithm developed for this purpose [20]. Hereby, the very low activity levels found in this cohort was consistent with earlier findings [10,18,[29][30][31], although the absolute values were higher in this study caused by the recently adapted threshold [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Its Association with Functional Independence, Quality of Life and In-Hospital Course of Recovery in Elderly Patients with Proximal Femur Fractures: A Prospective Cohort Study

Marsault

Ryg

Madsen

et al. 2020

Rehabilitation Research and Practice

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Background. Physical activity in elderly patients is crucial for recovery from proximal femoral fractures. Considering the limited possibilities for objective measurement, we aimed to evaluate the use of an accelerometer in this population to determine activity’s association with functional independence, quality of life, and course of recovery. Methods. 52 patients undergoing operative treatment for proximal femur fractures (81.3 ± 7.5 years) were included in a prospective cohort study. 12 patients with fall but without fracture of the lower extremities (80.8 ± 9.5 years) served as control. An Axivity AX3 tracker continuously recorded signal vector magnitudes during the hospital stay. Additionally, 2 ± 1 and 8 ± 3 days (time point 1 and 2) after operation EuroQol-5D and Barthel-20 indices were evaluated. Results. Physical activity increased in all patients with time. Multiple regression analyses revealed that a high Barthel-20 before fracture, a low age, a high body mass index, high albumin, and low C-reactive protein levels were independent predictors for high physical activity at time point 1 (p<0.05). Physical activity correlated significantly with EuroQol-5D and Barthel-20 at time point 1 and 2 (p<0.02). Furthermore, physical activity at time point 1 predicted EuroQol-5D, physical activity, and Barthel-20 at time point 2 (p<0.01). A multiple regression demonstrated equal physical activity in patients with or without a hip fracture. Conclusions. Accelerometer signals correlate with postoperative physical activity, Barthel-20 and quality of life in elderly patients. Physical activity is thereby positively influenced by a high prefall functional independence and a good nutrition status. A timely and adequate operation provided, there is no difference between patients with or without a fracture. This trial is registered with DRKS 00011934 on 10th April 2017.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Its Association with Functional Independence, Quality of Life and In-Hospital Course of Recovery in Elderly Patients with Proximal Femur Fractures: A Prospective Cohort Study

Marsault

Ryg

Madsen

et al. 2020

Rehabilitation Research and Practice

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“…In general, accuracy studies have reported counting errors in the step readings of such counters, particularly in cases of low walking speed,15–17 high body mass index18 and individuals with gait disorders and functional limitations 1319 20 Step counter accuracy has often been studied in healthy adults and under controlled conditions, for example, on a treadmill 1517 20–23 However, treadmill walking is not representative of normal walking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of a step counter during treadmill and daily life walking by healthy adults and patients with cardiac disease

et al. 2017

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BackgroundStep counters have been used to observe activity and support physical activity, but there is limited evidence on their accuracy.ObjectiveThe purpose was to investigate the step accuracy of the Fitbit Zip (Zip) in healthy adults during treadmill walking and in patients with cardiac disease while hospitalised at home.MethodsTwenty healthy adults aged 39±13.79 (mean ±SD) wore four Zips while walking on a treadmill at different speeds (1.7–6.1 km/hour), and 24 patients with cardiac disease (age 67±10.03) wore a Zip for 24 hours during hospitalisation and for 4 weeks thereafter at home. A Shimmer3 device was used as a criterion standard.ResultsAt a treadmill speed of 3.6 km/hour, the relative error (±SD) for the Zips on the upper body was −0.02±0.67 on the right side and −0.09 (0.67) on the left side. For the Zips on the waist, this was 0.08±0.71 for the right side and -0.08 (0.47) on the left side. At a treadmill speed of 3.6 km/hour and higher, the average per cent of relative error was <3%. The 24-hour test for the hospitalised patients showed a relative error of −47.15±24.11 (interclass correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.60), and for the 24-hour test at home, the relative error was −27.51±28.78 (ICC: 0.87). Thus, none of the 24-hour tests had less than the expected 20% error. In time periods of evident walking during the 24 h test, the Zip had an average per cent relative error of <3% at 3.6 km/hour and higher speeds.ConclusionsA speed of 3.6 km/hour or higher is required to expect acceptable accuracy in step measurement using a Zip, on a treadmill and in real life. Inaccuracies are directly related to slow speeds, which might be a problem for patients with cardiac disease who walk at a slow pace.

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“…They have been in use for many years, but pedometers are not accurate when used for activities that do not involve footfalls (such as swimming or upper body movements). Moreover, accuracy may be poor among specific populations, and among different models [31]. Accelerometers are technically more advanced than pedometers and being multi-axial can measure horizontal, lateral, and vertical movements.…”

Section: Physical Activity Monitoring and Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Activity Trackers for Senior Citizens: Research Perspectives, Commercial Landscape and the Role of the Insurance Industry

Tedesco

Barton

O’Flynn

2017

Sensors

109

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The objective assessment of physical activity levels through wearable inertial-based motion detectors for the automatic, continuous and long-term monitoring of people in free-living environments is a well-known research area in the literature. However, their application to older adults can present particular constraints. This paper reviews the adoption of wearable devices in senior citizens by describing various researches for monitoring physical activity indicators, such as energy expenditure, posture transitions, activity classification, fall detection and prediction, gait and balance analysis, also by adopting consumer-grade fitness trackers with the associated limitations regarding acceptability. This review also describes and compares existing commercial products encompassing activity trackers tailored for older adults, thus providing a comprehensive outlook of the status of commercially available motion tracking systems. Finally, the impact of wearable devices on life and health insurance companies, with a description of the potential benefits for the industry and the wearables market, was analyzed as an example of the potential emerging market drivers for such technology in the future.

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An Evaluation of Commercial Pedometers for Monitoring Slow Walking Speed Populations

Cited by 57 publications

References 47 publications

Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Its Association with Functional Independence, Quality of Life and In-Hospital Course of Recovery in Elderly Patients with Proximal Femur Fractures: A Prospective Cohort Study

Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Its Association with Functional Independence, Quality of Life and In-Hospital Course of Recovery in Elderly Patients with Proximal Femur Fractures: A Prospective Cohort Study

Accuracy of a step counter during treadmill and daily life walking by healthy adults and patients with cardiac disease

A Review of Activity Trackers for Senior Citizens: Research Perspectives, Commercial Landscape and the Role of the Insurance Industry

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