“…The 25 years of evolution of TQM and related quality studies have been well summarised by Dahlgaard-Park, Chen, Jang, and Dahlgaard (2013). During the last two decades, TQM has been also expanded to non-manufacturing service sectors including higher education, health care, customer satisfaction, tourism, and recently, innovation (van Iwaarden & van der Valk, 2013;Wang, 2012;Xiaorong, Bojian, & Huili, 2012). Asif and Searcy (2014) argued that performance excellence in higher education institutions requires the management of the capabilities related to research, programme design and delivery, and service performance.…”