An Evaluation of Opposed Theories Concerning the Etiology of So-Called "Dementia" in Dementia Præcox

Wittman, Mary Phyllis

doi:10.1176/ajp.93.6.1363

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This could well account for Wittman's 04) findings that the deficits of individual schizophrenics vary more than do those of any other group. It could also explain the findings of Hunt (11) and W-ittman (35) to the effect that the intra-individual variation in output of schizqphrenics is greater than that of organics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The role of behavioral accessibility in intellectual function of psychotics

Rappaport

1951

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The role of behavioral accessibility in intellectual function of psychotics

Rappaport

1951

J. Clin. Psychol.

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“…There were a number of empirical reports documenting cognitive deficits among persons with schizophrenia, particularly in regard to deficits in abstraction, conceptualization, or a tendency toward overgeneralization (e.g., Bolles and Goldstein 1938 ; Cameron 1939b ; Fey 1951 ; Payne et al 1959 ; Rawlings 1921 ; Vigotsky 1934 ). With some exceptions (e.g., Babcock 1933 ; e.g., Rawlings 1921 ; Wittman 1937 ), the latter tended to be focused on a purely psychological level of description of the structure of schizophrenic thinking, i.e., with limited presumption or reference to neuropathologic mechanisms (see reviews by Lothrop ( 1961 ) and Wright ( 1975 )).…”

Section: Historical Evolution Of Neurocognitive Models Of Schizophrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do We Know About Neuropsychological Aspects Of Schizophrenia?

2009

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Application of a neuropsychological perspective to the study of schizophrenia has established a number of important facts about this disorder. Some of the key findings from the existing literature are that, while neurocognitive impairment is present in most, if not all, persons with schizophrenia, there is both substantial interpatient heterogeneity and remarkable within-patient stability of cognitive function over the long-term course of the illness. Such findings have contributed to the firm establishment of neurobiologic models of schizophrenia, and thereby help to reduce the social stigma that was sometimes associated with purely psychogenic models popular during parts of the 20th century. Neuropsychological studies in recent decades have established the primacy of cognitive functions over psychopathologic symptoms as determinants of functional capacity and independence in everyday functioning. Although the cognitive benefits of both conventional and even second generation antipsychotic medications appear marginal at best, recognition of the primacy of cognitive deficits as determinants of functional disability in schizophrenia has catalyzed recent efforts to develop targeted treatments for the cognitive deficits of this disorder. Despite these accomplishments, however, some issues remain to be resolved. Efforts to firmly establish the specific neurocognitive/neuropathologic systems responsible for schizophrenia remain elusive, as do efforts to definitively demonstrate the specific cognitive deficits underlying specific forms of functional impairment. Further progress may be fostered by recent initiatives to integrate neuropsychological studies with experimental neuroscience, perhaps leading to measures of deficits in cognitive processes more clearly associated with specific, identifiable brain systems.

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“…A NUMBER of theorists (Cameron, 1944;Hunt & Cofer, 1944;Wittman, 1937) have suggested that the impairment of schizophrenics on psychomotor, verbal, and concept tests is attributable to lowered "motivation," i.e., attitudinal variables such as indifference to the task or uncooperativeness. Attempts have been made to test this hypothesis by introducing aversive stimuli (shock, unpleasant "noise") into the experimental situation in ways designed to raise the motivational level of psychotics to perform.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of aversive stimuli on reaction time in schizophrenia.

Lang¹

1959

The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology

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An Evaluation of Opposed Theories Concerning the Etiology of So-Called "Dementia" in Dementia Præcox

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

The role of behavioral accessibility in intellectual function of psychotics

The role of behavioral accessibility in intellectual function of psychotics

What Do We Know About Neuropsychological Aspects Of Schizophrenia?

The effect of aversive stimuli on reaction time in schizophrenia.

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