An Evaluation of Root ZX and iPex Apex Locators: An In Vivo Study

Stöber, Eva; Durán-Sindreu, Fernando; Mercadé, Montse; Vera, Jorge; Bueno, Rufino; Roig, Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2011.02.002

Cited by 50 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The iPex (NSK, Tokyo, Japan) is claimed to be a fourth-generation apex locator. It automatically selects the best possible combination of frequency in line with the canal condition by simultaneously measuring capacitance and resistance to determine the location of the file tip in the canal (12,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vivo radiographic evaluation of the accuracy of Apex and iPex electronic Apex locators

et al. 2012

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The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the clinical applicability of two electronic apex locators (EALs) - Apex (Septodont) and iPex (NSK) - in different groups of human teeth by using radiography. The working lengths (WLs) of 100 root canals were determined electronically. The EAL to be used first was chosen randomly and a K-file was inserted into the root canal until the EAL display indicated the location of the apical constriction (0 mm). The K-file was fixed to the tooth and a periapical radiograph was taken using a radiographic film holder. The K-file was removed and the WL was measured. The same procedure was repeated using the other EAL. Radiographs were examined with the aid of a light-box with lens of ×4 magnification by two blinded experienced endodontists. The distance between the file tip and the root apex was recorded as follows: (A) +1 to 0 mm, (B) -0.1 to 0.5 mm, (C) -0.6 to 1 mm, (D) -1.1 to 1.5 mm, and (E) -1.6 mm or greater. For statistical purposes, these scores were divided into 2 subgroups according to the radiographic apex: acceptable (B, C, and D) and non-acceptable (A and E). Statistically significant differences were not found between the results of Apex and iPex in terms of acceptable and non-acceptable measurements (p>0.05) or in terms of the distance recorded from file tip and the radiographic apex (p>0.05). Apex and iPex EALs provided reliable measurements for WL determination for endodontic therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vivo radiographic evaluation of the accuracy of Apex and iPex electronic Apex locators

et al. 2012

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“…Knowledge about root anatomy of periapical pathologies, the prudent use of radiographs and the technology of electronic apex locators can help the clinician to achieve good results in the accurate determination of root canal length. 9,10,15,16 Conclusion Raypex 6 is a reliable method to determine working length which, in turn, establishes the limit of root canal treatment without radiographic verification. It also reduces radiation dose during root canal treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over time, new instruments were developed based on impedance at single or multiple frequencies, which have overcome some problems found in the first models. 4.14 Based on the reliability of modern electronic devices used to determine the working length, 10,[15][16][17][18] it is worth investigating whether it is possible to reduce the number of trans-operative radiographs in order to decrease radiation dose and treatment time. This report presents five cases in which root canal treatment was performed by means of electronic conductometry, without trans-operative radiographic verification, with two radiographs for each case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root canal treatment by means of electronic conductometry without radiographic transoperative verification: a report of five cases

Broon¹,

Cruz²,

Palafox-Sánchez³

et al. 2015

Dental Press Endod

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Introduction: Determining the working length in root canal treatment is very important, since it allows clinical procedures to be performed within the anatomical limits of the canal. Objective: The aim of this article is to report five cases in which root canal treatment was performed by an electronic method without trans-operative radiographic verification. Methods: Three maxillary and two mandibular molars diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis or pulpal necrosis were treated at the Endodontic Clinic of the Military Regional Hospital of Guadalajara, Mexico. After obtaining patient's informed consent, the working length of the root canal was measured with Raypex 6 apex locator, without radiographic verification. All root canals were prepared with Reciproc system instrumentation and filled by means of Tagger hybrid technique. Results: Postoperative radiographic control revealed that the level of root canal filling in 12 out of 14 root canals was from 0 to 2 mm of the radiographic apical apex. Conclusion: Results suggest that electronic conductometry is a reliable method to determine the working length. Additionally, it reduces the number of radiographs taken during root canal treatment. How to cite this article: Broon NJ, Cruz A, Palafox-Sánchez CA, AnadaracuaGarcía S, García-Hervert BR, Ayón-García R. Root canal treatment by means of electronic conductometry without radiographic trans-operative veri cation: a report of ve cases. Keywords

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“…Yapılan çalışmaların pek çoğunda yeni nesil apeks bulucular bir eskilere göre daha güvenilir bulunmuştur. 61,62 Adaptif teknolojiyle çalışan altıncı nesil apeks bulucularla kanal içi koşullardan etkilenmeden doğru öl-çümler yapılabilmektedir. 56 Çalışma boyu belirleme yöntemlerinin değerlendirildiği çalışmalarda, çoğunlukla apeks bulucular ile geleneksel radyografik yöntemler kıyaslanmıştır.…”

Section: Modern Apeks Bulucu çAlışmalarıunclassified

Working length determination methods in endodontics

Şen¹,

Erdemir²

2018

Yeditepe J Dent

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ÖZETÇalışma boyunun doğru belirlenmesi, başarılı endodontik tedavinin en önemli basamaklarından biridir. Çalışma boyu, koronalde belirlenen bir referans noktasından apikalde kanal tedavisi işlemlerinin sonlandırılacağı sınıra kadar devam eden mesafe olarak tanımlanır. Genel olarak, minör apikal foramen, bu tedavi işlemlerinin bitirileceği son nokta olarak kabul gör-mektedir. Kök kanal uzunluğunun belirlenmesinde; parmak hassasiyeti, radyografik incelemeler, dijital görüntüleme yöntemleri, kağıt koni yöntemi, elektronik yöntem ve bu yön-temlerin farklı kombinasyonları kullanılabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, çalışma boyu belirleme yöntemlerinin çalışma prensipleri, avantajları, dezavantajları ve teknik gelişimlerinin gözden geçirilmesidir.Anahtar kelimeler: Endodonti, diş apeksi, odontometri, radyografi, taktil hissi SUMMARY Accurate determination of the working length is one of the crucial steps for a successful endodontic treatment. Working length is defined as the distance from a determined coronal reference point to the level at which root canal treatment procedures should terminate. Minor apical foramen is generally accepted as the termination point of these treatment procedures. Tactile sense, radiographic examinations, digital imaging systems, paper point technique, electronic method and different combinations of these methods are used for the determination of root canal length. The aim of this review is to present an overview on working principles, advantages, disadvantages and technical developments of the working length determination methods.Keywords: Endodontics, tooth apex, odontometry, radiography, tactile sense GİRİŞ Etkili bir kemomekanik preparasyon ve sızdırmaz bir kök kanal dolgusunun yapılabilmesi için çalışma boyunun doğru belirlenmesi şarttır. Kök kanal çalışma boyu, koronal olarak belirlenen bir referans noktasından kanalın şekillendirilip doldurulacağı noktaya kadar uzanan mesafedir.1 Kök kanal preparasyonu ve dolgusunun genel olarak 'minör apikal foramen' de bitirilmesi kabul görmektedir.2 'Minör apikal foramen' , kök pulpasının ve periodontal alanla birleştiği sınır olarak tarif edilir. 'Apikal daralım' veya 'fizyolojik foramen' olarak da adlandırılır. Anatomik apeksten 0-2mm içeride yer alabileceği gösterilmiştir.3 Bununla birlikte, apikal foramen her zaman dişin anatomik apeksi ile aynı doğrultuda yer almaz. Foramen açılımı apeksin lateralinde ve 3mm'yi bulan uzaklıklarda olabilmektedir.4 Dolayısıyla, hekimin gözle göremediği fakat tedavi başarısında büyük önem taşıyan bu noktanın belirlenmesi titizlikle yapılmalıdır.5 DERLEME

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An Evaluation of Root ZX and iPex Apex Locators: An In Vivo Study

Cited by 50 publications

References 30 publications

An in vivo radiographic evaluation of the accuracy of Apex and iPex electronic Apex locators

An in vivo radiographic evaluation of the accuracy of Apex and iPex electronic Apex locators

Root canal treatment by means of electronic conductometry without radiographic transoperative verification: a report of five cases

Working length determination methods in endodontics

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