An evaluation of the Gelman Envirochek® capsule for the simultaneous concentration ofCryptosporidiumandGiardiafrom water

Abstract

The Gelman Envirochek capsule is a membrane device for the simultaneous concentration of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts from water. Samples are filtered through a Supor® polyethersulphone membrane with a 1 μm absolute pore size. (Oo)cysts are mechanically eluted from the membrane fibre using a wrist action shaker and a non‐ionic detergent and concentrated by centrifugation. The concentrate can be further processed using any separation technique to separate the target organisms from other debris. This method enables multiple samples to be processed within 1 h. Recoveries from seeded tap and source water samples were in excess of 70% for Cryptosporidium and 80% for Giardia.

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water: proposition of a strategy and evaluation in Champagne-Ardenne Region, France

“…While flocculation is simple, inexpensive, and has high recovery rates in tap water (Kourenti et al 2003), filtration appears to be more robust for processing turbid water. Envirochek capsules (Pall Life Sciences) consist of a polyethersulfonate membrane with a 1 µm absolute pore size, allowing for the filtration of most waterborne agents and the elimination of debris and most PCR inhibitors present in environmental samples (Matheson et al 1998). Because there are few target organisms in the samples (due to dilution in water), capsules offer a large volume of filtration (100-500 L) and are commonly used in to detect Cryptosporidium and Giardia even in highly turbid water (USEPA 1999), as well as Cyclospora oocysts (Sturbaum et al 1998), which are close in size of Toxoplasma (size around 10 µm).…”

Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium Isolates Obtained from Humans in France

“…Prevention of human cryptosporidiosis would be accomplished by a thorough understanding and appreciation of its complex natural history (10) and epidemiology. Studies should ideally be done with samples from the environment (14,22) in order to evaluate the circulation of the parasite in various ecosystems. In light of the known resistance of this parasite to both conventional water treatment methods and effective therapeutic agents (25), an intensive effort to control the exposure of humans, particularly immunocompromised populations, to this organism appears to be the best prevention strategy at this time.…”

Concentration of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia and other water-borne pathogens by continuous separation channel centrifugation

“…1998) for Cryptosporidium oocysts, and 85% (Clancy et al. 1997) and 75% (Matheson et al. 1998) for Giardia cysts.…”

“…Source water recovery efficiencies were 51% (Clancy et al. 1997) and 63% (Matheson et al. 1998) for Cryptosporidium oocysts, and 85% (Clancy et al.…”