An Evaluation of Tricalcium Phosphate Implants in Human Periodontal Osseous Defects of Two Patients

Abstract

This study evaluated the use of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramic implant material in periodontal osseous defects. Thirteen defects in two patients were treated with mucoperiosteal flaps and placement of TCP. The defects were evaluated clinically and radiographically utilizing standardized probe placement and radiographic technique. Clinically, there was a mean probing pocket reduction of 4.5 mm as a result of a mean gain of clinical probing attachment level of 2.0 mm and a mean gingival recession of 2.5 mm. Radiographically, there was a mean "fill" of 1.8 mm. Six teeth were removed by block biopsy for histologic analysis, three at 3 months, one at 6 months and two a 9 months. The TCP particles were well tolerated and encapsulated by fibrous connective tissue, but the particles did not stimulate new bone growth. The junctional epithelium ended 1.62 mm coronal to the apical extent of a reference notch placed at the base of the defect. Although new cementum was observed, there was limited evidence of new attachment.

Bone Replacement Materials and Techniques Used for Achieving Vertical Alveolar Bone Augmentation

“…There is evidence that TCP granules undergo fibrous tissue encapsulation and do not stimulate bone growth adequately [104,105]. On the other hand, some studies reported bone deposition with β-TCP [275,276,277]. Vertical and horizontal ridge augmentation using α and/or β TCP has been evaluated in animal and clinical studies with variable results [278,279,280].…”

Physical properties and biological/odontogenic effects of an experimentally developed fast-setting α-tricalcium phosphate-based pulp capping material

“…They are reportedly good candidates for osseous augmentation by virtue of their biocompatibility, moldability and osteoconductivity [3,4]. Thus, there have been many dental trials investigating the use of these materials on periodontal defects [5-8]. In addition, many studies have shown that CP cements stimulate pulp and can induce the formation of reparative dentin [9-14].…”

Evaluation of the efficacy of a bioactive synthetic graft material in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects

“…[3] The efforts to obtain optimal regeneration of the periodontium has created a renaissance of research in the utilization of autologous, allogenic, and alloplastic implants in the treatment of periodontal osseous defects. [4]…”