An Evidence‐Based Approach to the Treatment of Thyroid Lymphoma

Abstract

Evidence-based recommendations can be applied to the individual patient with thyroid lymphoma with the involvement of an experienced multidisciplinary team consisting of an endocrine/oncology surgeon, radiation oncologist, and medical oncologist.

Primary thyroid MALToma– a rare diagnosis of an unassuming thyroid nodule

“…Localized thyroid MALT lymphoma can be treated with surgical resection with 100% survival at 5 years [5,8–10]. Review of 103 cases done by Tsang et al with localized (stage IE/IIE) extra nodal MALT lymphoma had overall 5 years survival of 98% in 85 patients with extra nodal MALT lymphoma treated with radiation therapy alone [11].…”

“…Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has a poorer prognosis compared to localized primary MALToma. Stages I/II respond well to localized treatment as compared to stages III/IV which are more disseminated and need combine modalities of chemo and radiation therapy [6,10]. Patients who present with enlarging tumors or symptoms of compression also have poorer prognosis [10].…”

“…Stages I/II respond well to localized treatment as compared to stages III/IV which are more disseminated and need combine modalities of chemo and radiation therapy [6,10]. Patients who present with enlarging tumors or symptoms of compression also have poorer prognosis [10]. Although this disease has excellent survival rate after treatment, the optimal follow-up remains controversial at present [5,10].…”

“…Patients who present with enlarging tumors or symptoms of compression also have poorer prognosis [10]. Although this disease has excellent survival rate after treatment, the optimal follow-up remains controversial at present [5,10]. …”

Primary thyroid lymphoma: a rare but challenging diagnosis

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The lymphoma usually presents as rapidly growing thyroid mass, with increasing dyspnea due to tracheal compression, sometimes accompanied by enlargement of regional lymph nodes. 8,9 Consequent respiratory disturbances and decreased venous reflow from the head and neck (superior vena cava syndrome) require early diagnosis and immediate treatment.…”