“…Various conflicting hypotheses have previously been suggested regarding its taxonomy and phylogenetic placement, including that it represents a private lineage ( Coolidge, 1940 ; Wharton, 1957 ), related to gaur Bos gaurus and/or banteng Bos javanicus ( Urbain, 1937 ; Bohlken, 1961 ; Pfeffer and Kim-San, 1967 ; Geraads, 1992 ; Hassanin and Ropiquet, 2004 ), aurochs Bos primigenius ( Groves, 1981 ), or domestic cattle ( Bohlken, 1963 ). Alternatively, other hypotheses argue it may have originated as a hybrid, for example, between B. javanicus and zebu cattle ( Edmond-Blanc, 1947 ; Bohlken, 1958 ; Galbreath et al., 2006 ) (but see Hassanin and Ropiquet, 2007a ; Galbreath et al., 2007 ; Hedges et al., 2007 ), or between B. javanicus and either B. gaurus or water buffalo Bubalus bubalis ( Edmond-Blanc, 1947 ).…”