An evolutionary model to conceptualise masculinity and compassion in male teenagers: A unifying framework

Kirby, James N.; Kirby, Peter

doi:10.1111/cp.12129

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(204 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, it is possible that group developed the participant's awareness of their difficulties and cultivated their "drive" systems to help address those difficulties. The limitations of this study include that it would have been beneficial to complete qualitative interviews to explore individual's experiences of the group as research has shown interesting findings generated from qualitative methodology (Kirby and Kirby, 2017). Furthermore, there was a lack of Figure 1 Psychometric assessments control group to compare outcome measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compassion‐focused therapy group for men with intellectual disabilities who had maladaptive conceptualisations of masculinity

Searle

Borseti

Price

2022

AMHID

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of an adapted compassion-focused therapy (CFT) group treatment programme for individuals with an intellectual disability (ID), specifically aimed to help address maladaptive conceptualisations of masculinity. Design/methodology/approach Outcome measurements were competed at pre- and post-group and the effectiveness of the intervention were assessed using a Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Findings Findings demonstrated that the treatment group showed significant differences in their “gender role conflict” subscales including the Success, Power, Control and “Restrictive Affectionate Behavior Between Men” subscales; however, no significant differences were found on the Restrictive Emotionality or Conflicts Between Work and Leisure subscales. Furthermore, no significant differences were found on participants psychological well-being, psychological distress, anxiety, self-compassion or quality of life measures. Research limitations/implications Limitations include that a lack of qualitative information regarding outcomes, a lack of control group and a small number of participants may have impacted the outcome of the research. Practical implications The Men’s Masculinity group had a positive impact on the participant’s sense of success, power and control, so it could be considered that this group enabled participants to feel more powerful and in control of their difficulties which is associated with the “drive” system of CFT. Originality/value Overall, this study adds to the small but growing literature that supports using CFT groups as a stand-alone psychological intervention when working with people with an ID.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compassion‐focused therapy group for men with intellectual disabilities who had maladaptive conceptualisations of masculinity

Searle

Borseti

Price

2022

AMHID

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“…Although results did not demonstrate a positive relationship between any component of masculinity and self-compassion, veterans may benefit from presentation of information on the benefits of self-compassion for approaching and, thus, being more effective in addressing problems, again appealing to the masculine norm of success. Similarly, other compassion researchers have discussed emphasizing the role of courage in self-compassion as a potentially effective strategy for promoting self-compassion among men (Kirby & Kirby, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of masculinity in relationships between mindfulness, self-compassion, and well-being in military veterans.

Ramon

Guthrie

Rochester

2020

Psychology of Men & Masculinities

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Research has begun to demonstrate the benefits of mindfulness and self-compassion for military veterans. However, investigation has lacked on how a prominent feature of military culture, adherence to masculine norms, may impact veterans' experiences of these practices. This research examined the interrelationships among masculinity, mindfulness, and self-compassion as well as how these variables predict well-being (coping and quality of life) in 164 military veterans. Veterans completed all study measures via an online survey. Results demonstrated that mindfulness and self-compassion both predict better coping and quality of life and are related to lower adherence to masculine norms. Masculinity was found related to less active coping, more avoidant/negative emotionality coping, and worse mental health-related quality of life. The Masculinity subscale of Success Dedication, however, was associated with greater mindfulness and active coping and better quality of life. Exploratory results demonstrated a significant moderation effect in which mindfulness predicted greater active coping for veterans with low masculinity but not for veterans with high masculinity. This study provides preliminary data on the role of masculine norms in the context of mindfulness and self-compassion. Although findings link total masculinity scores to negative outcomes, the masculinity component of Success Dedication appears to be a point of commonality between masculinity and mindfulness. Therefore, an effective strategy for clinicians may be to begin the teaching of mindfulness by emphasizing elements that appeal to veterans' norms of success. Public Significance StatementTraditional masculinity among military veterans was associated with lower levels of mindfulness, self-compassion, and mental health-related quality of life as well as with greater levels of avoidant styles of coping. However, the specific masculinity norm related to work success showed relationships with better health and, specifically, a positive relationship with mindfulness. Therefore, although traditional masculinity overall is associated with greater health risks, work success may represent an adaptive element of traditional masculinity.

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“…Connell and Messerschmitt (2005) have demonstrated how male adolescents are gradually taught to desire a high status, to defend male advantages and points of view in a broad social and political environment, and to exclude "weak" peers. Their behavior is policed by peers and this encourages them to adopt a "win at all costs" attitude and to engage in risk-taking behaviors (Kirby & Kirby, 2017). At the same time, male endorsement of traditional masculinity norms predicts reduced help-seeking attitudes (Addis & Mahalik, 2003), shame-proneness and a fear of emotions (MacBeth & Gumley, 2012).…”

Section: Peer Group Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Mood and Violent Behaviour among Teenagers: A Gender Dynamic Approach to the Study of Stressor Effects

Gavray¹,

Boulard²

2021

PSYCH

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Numerous studies have shown that the risk of depression in girls and the risk of violent behavior in boys progressively increase during adolescence. However, studies that clearly link the social mechanisms of gender to these results are relatively rare and studies that clearly delve into roots of these phenomena are even rarer still. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the genderization of spaces and life experiences during adolescence and its effect on adolescent mental and behavioral health. The recent scientific literature dedicated to this topic and the results of our own previous research have led us to define our hypotheses and analysis procedures. Concretely, we've tested the links between depression and violent behavior in both gender groups separately and we've investigated the potential role of gendered stressors and expectations influencing the developmental processes that lead to either depression or violent behaviour. The data used to perform our analysis of male and female pupils halfway through secondary education were drawn from the 2016 Belgian ISRD-3 study (International Study on Self-Reported Delinquency, third wave) we have conducted. Our findings confirm that the stressors adolescents have to face and the significance they assign to them reflect the genderization of symbolic and material spheres (private and emotional for girls, public and competitive for boys). In terms of reaction to these stressors, depressive mood and violent attitude appear interlinked. Male gender norms appear to encourage boys to seek recognition through violent behaviors and to avoid emotional demonstrations. In this gender group, a high score of depression reflects sensitivity to stressors comparable to the female group but also, perhaps, a fear of rejection by peers. Nevertheless, these results must be considered with caution given the rapidly changing nature of the social world as well as the fact that the instru-How to cite this paper: Gavray, C., & Boulard, A. (2021). Depressive Mood and Violent Behaviour among Teenagers: A Gender Dynamic Approach to the Study of Stressor Effects. Psychology, 12, 785-804.

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An evolutionary model to conceptualise masculinity and compassion in male teenagers: A unifying framework

Abstract: Background: The period of adolescence can be a challenging time for boys,

Cited by 19 publications

References 111 publications

Compassion‐focused therapy group for men with intellectual disabilities who had maladaptive conceptualisations of masculinity

Compassion‐focused therapy group for men with intellectual disabilities who had maladaptive conceptualisations of masculinity

Role of masculinity in relationships between mindfulness, self-compassion, and well-being in military veterans.

Depressive Mood and Violent Behaviour among Teenagers: A Gender Dynamic Approach to the Study of Stressor Effects

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