An Examination of Approach Run Kinematics in Track and Field Jumping Events

Makaruk, Hubert; Porter, Marak; Starzak, Marcin; Szymczak, Edward

doi:10.1515/pjst-2016-0009

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…*significant gender difference; a significant difference compared to 3L; b significant difference compared to 2L. Gender differences in elite long jumpers phase (Bruggemann & Conrad, 1986;Makaruk, Porter, Starzak, & Szymczak, 2016;Mendoza & Nixdorf, 2011;. The combination of low BCM height and large Vx at the approach is beneficial concerning the placement of the take-off leg well ahead of the body and for the avoidance of its extensive flexion.…”

Section: Table 3 Results Of the Horizontal And Vertical Bcm Take-off mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in the preparation for take-off in elite long jumpers

Panoutsakopoulos¹,

Theodorou²,

Papaiakovou³

2017

Acta Gymnica

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Section: Table 3 Results Of the Horizontal And Vertical Bcm Take-off mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in the preparation for take-off in elite long jumpers

Panoutsakopoulos¹,

Theodorou²,

Papaiakovou³

2017

Acta Gymnica

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“…SR, SL, SL asy , SL var , t a , and t c were measured and averaged from the 3rd up to 8th last stride of the approach. Last two strides of the run-up were not take into account because they are commonly used to adjust take-off distance and are not representative of the running kinematic (Makaruk et al, 2016 ). Finally, last stride adjustment (SL adj ) was calculated as the final SL minus the penultimate SL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Pole Vault Patterns Were Associated With a Higher Proportion of Injuries

Édouard

Sánchez²,

Bourrilhon³

et al. 2019

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Background: Pole vault is a highly demanding sport where many physical and technical requirements are engaged in performance process. Considering level of energy transferred from athlete's horizontal speed to the pole during pole bending, we can imagine that associated musculoskeletal tensions, in addition to trials accumulation, can increase the risk of (specific) injuries. Given the multiple morphological, physical and technical characteristics of vaulters and ways of pole vaulting, we can hypothesis that some patterns of pole vaults can lead to higher injury risk than others. Aim: To analyze the potential association between the biomechanical patterns of pole vault and the history of injuries. Method: We conducted a study over national-level pole vaulters including the prospective collection of pole vault biomechanical data during competition at the national elite indoor championship and youth national indoor championship (U17 and U20), associated with the retrospective collection of their injuries during the 12 preceding months through an online questionnaire. Results: Among the 88 pole vaulters participating in these championships, 62 (70.5%) accepted to participated in this study, and their pole vault biomechanical and injury data were collected. 77.4% reported having presented at least one injury during the 12 preceding months. One biomechanical parameter related to the takeoff phase (lower H2, i.e., height of the grip (superior) hand from the ground when the athlete subsequently took off from the ground) and some biomechanical parameters related to the terminal phase of the run-up phase (higher Spd [i.e., speed between 10 and 5 meters to the box), SL adj (last stride adjustment), SL var (stride length variation), t c (contact time)] were significantly associated with higher proportions of all injuries. Edouard et al. Pole Vault Biomechanics and Injuries Conclusion: Biomechanical pole vault patterns during the competition day were associated with a higher proportion of history of all injuries. Although the injury data collection was retrospective leading to recall bias risk, and do not allow determining cause-consequence relationships regarding biomechanical patterns and injury occurrence, this present study is the first to analyze potential association between the biomechanical pole vault patterns and injury occurrence, which is of great help to provide hypotheses/ideas to design future studies and to move forward into prevention measures.

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“…The step parameters were calculated for the 3 rd up to 8 th last step of the approach. The last two steps of the approach were excluded from the analysis as they are commonly used by pole-vaulters to adjust take-off distance and are not representative of run-up as previously observed by Makaruk et al (2016). This configuration allowed direct measurement of contact time on the floor (tc), aerial time when the athlete was airborne (ta), step rate (SR) and step length (SL), using the spatiotemporal parameters provided by the Optojump Next Software.…”

Section: Data Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in approach run kinematics: successful vs. unsuccessful jumps in the pole vault

Cassirame¹,

Sánchez²,

Exell

et al. 2019

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

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This study investigated biomechanical differences between successful and unsuccessful jumps during a pole vault competition. Two hundred and seven pairs of successful and unsuccessful jumps at the same height were analysed. Participants included male and female athletes of three different age groups with bar height clearances ranging from 2.81 to 5.91 m. Run-up parameters were collected using an Optojump Next system and a Stalker Pro II radar gun. A 2D kinematical analysis was conducted to obtain selected parameters of the take-off. Only trivial and small differences were found between successful and unsuccessful jumps. Speed at last touchdown showed a significant small difference between successful and unsuccessful jumps, as greater speed at take-off (+0.15 m/s) was observed at successful jumps compared to unsuccessful jumps. Furthermore, female athletes showed a significant small difference in horizontal hand-foot distance between successful jumps and unsuccessful jumps (+0.05 m and +0.06 m at pole plant and take-off, respectively). The results suggest that pole vaulters should produce a fast run-up and avoid a decrease in speed before take-off. Small adjustments in the takeoff posture might increase the transfer of energy from the athlete to the pole and thus an improvement concerning the height of bar clearance.

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An Examination of Approach Run Kinematics in Track and Field Jumping Events

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Gender differences in the preparation for take-off in elite long jumpers

Gender differences in the preparation for take-off in elite long jumpers

Biomechanical Pole Vault Patterns Were Associated With a Higher Proportion of Injuries

Differences in approach run kinematics: successful vs. unsuccessful jumps in the pole vault

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