An examination of the handheld adapter approach for measuring hand-transmitted vibration exposure

Xu, Xueyan S.; Dong, Ren G.; Welcome, Daniel E.; Warren, Christopher; McDowell, Thomas W.

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2013.08.037

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Material 3 showed less variation compared to Material 2, but more than Material 1. The resonance occurred around In comparison, previous studies using the palm adapter approach indicated that there were very small attenuation frequencies below 200 Hz (Griffin, 1998;Boyle and Griffin, 2001;Xu et al, 2014). While the design of the gloves (Welcome et al, 2014) and the structure and mechanical properties of glove material (Almagirby et al, 2015) affect results somewhat, the findings from the new test rig are consistent with previous findings.…”

Section: Transmissibility Measurementssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Many types of hand-held vibrating tools, such as chain saws, grinders, drills, and chipping hammers are widely used in several industries. Extended exposure to vibration transmitted from such tools may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) (Griffin, 1990;Xu et al, 2014). The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health indicated that exposure to hand-transmitted vibration was also reported as being a major component associated with wrist syndrome (NIOSH, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new methodology for measuring the vibration transmission from handle to finger whilst gripping

Almagirby

Carré

Rongong

2017

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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The transmission of vibration from hand-held tools via work gloves and into the operators' hands can be affected by several factors such as glove material properties, tool vibration conditions, grip force, and temperature. The primary aim of this study is to develop a new methodology to measure and evaluate vibration transmissibility for a human finger in contact with different materials, whilst measuring and controlling the grip force. The study presented here used a new bespoke lab-based apparatus for assessing vibration transmissibility that includes a generic handle instrumented for vibration and grip force measurements. The handle is freely suspended and can be excited at a range of real-world vibration conditions whilst being gripped by a human subject. The study conducted a frequency response function (FRF) of the handle using an instrumented hammer to ensure that the handle system was resonance free at the important frequency range for glove research, as outlined in ISO 10819: 1996: 2013, and also investigated how glove material properties and design affect the tool vibration transmission into the index finger (Almagirby et al. 2015). The FRF results obtained at each of six positions shows that the dynamic system of the handle has three resonance frequencies in the low frequency range (2, 11 and 17 Hz) and indicated that no resonances were displayed up to a frequency of about 550 Hz. No significant vibration attenuation was shown at frequencies lower than 150 Hz. The two materials cut from the gloves that were labelled as anti-vibration gloves (AV) indicated resonance at frequencies of 150 and 160 Hz. However, the non-glove material that did not meet the requirements for AV gloves showed resonance at 250 Hz. The attenuation for the three materials was found at frequencies of 315 Hz and 400 Hz. The level and position of the true resonance frequencies were found to vary between samples and individual subjects. Relevance to industry: Extended exposure to vibration transmitted from some of these tools may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome. Anti-vibration gloves are used as a strategy to reduce the vibration transmitted into operators' hands. Unfortunately, their performance in reducing transmitted vibrations into the fingers is still not clear. The approach presented here allows a better understanding of the effects of gloves on finger-transmitted vibration and can deliver helpful data on the performance of standard AV gloves in reducing finger-transmitted vibration. This new approach can help glove manufacturers to assess the performance of AV glove materials separately, and the results and knowledge obtained can help in selecting suitable gloves for the operation of hand-held vibrating tools, conducting a risk evaluation of the vibration exposure, and the designing of AV gloves

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Section: Transmissibility Measurementssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new methodology for measuring the vibration transmission from handle to finger whilst gripping

Almagirby

Carré

Rongong

2017

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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“…The adapter approach seems a practical, convenient, and efficient choice for such measurement. A study has identified the basic requirements for the appropriate application of the adapter approach (Xu et al, 2014). However, it is unclear how this approach can be appropriately applied to measure the vibrations of the club heads during grinding and polishing processes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration characteristics of golf club heads in their handheld grinding process and potential approaches for reducing the vibration exposure

Chen

Lin

Xiao

et al. 2017

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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To control vibration-induced white finger among workers performing the fine grinding of golf club heads, the aims of this study are to clarify the major vibration sources in the grinding process, to identify and understand the basic characteristics of the club head vibration, and to propose potential approaches for reducing the vibration exposure. The vibrations on two typical club heads and two belt grinding machines were measured at a workplace. A simulated test station was also constructed and used to help examine some influencing factors of the club head vibration. This study found that the club head vibration was the combination of the vibration transmitted from the grinding machines and that generated in the grinding process. As a result, any factor that affects the machine vibration, the grinding vibration, and/or the dynamic response of the club head can influence the vibration exposure of the fingers or hands holding the club head in the grinding process. The significant influencing factors identified in the study include testing subject, grinding machine, machine operation speed, drive wheel condition, club head model, mechanical constraints imposed on the club head during the grinding, and machine foot pad. These findings suggest that the vibration exposure can be controlled by reducing the grinding machine vibration, changing the workpiece dynamic properties, and mitigating the vibration transmission in its pathway. Many potential methods for the control are proposed and discussed. Relevance to industry: Vibrations on handheld workpieces can be effectively transmitted to the hands, especially the fingers. As a result, a major component of the hand-arm vibration syndrome - vibration-induced white finger - has been observed among some workers performing the grinding and/or polishing tasks of the handheld workpieces such as golf club heads. The results of this study can be used to develop more effective methods and technologies to control the vibration exposure of these workers. This may help effectively control this occupational disease.

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“…Whenever necessary, the typical relationship between the BC and BD systems for each tool operation condition can be measured, and the experimental data measured in the BC system can be mathematically transformed into the BD system for analyzing biodynamic responses. A study has implemented this strategy [48] .…”

Section: General Principles and Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adapter may also be wrapped around the handle using an elastic material, to increase its stability and avoid dropping it during the tool operation. However, the hand-held adapter method, especially the fingers-held adapter method, is usually the least reliable among the four methods recommended for accelerometer installation [29] , [48] , [49] , [50] . The most reliable installation method is to install the accelerometer using a handle adapter firmly clamped on the handle, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Bc Coordinate Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Evaluation of Hand–Arm Coordinate Systems for Measuring Vibration Exposure, Biodynamic Responses, and Hand Forces

Dong

Sinsel

Welcome

et al. 2015

Safety and Health at Work

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The hand coordinate systems for measuring vibration exposures and biodynamic responses have been standardized, but they are not actually used in many studies. This contradicts the purpose of the standardization. The objectives of this study were to identify the major sources of this problem, and to help define or identify better coordinate systems for the standardization. This study systematically reviewed the principles and definition methods, and evaluated typical hand coordinate systems. This study confirms that, as accelerometers remain the major technology for vibration measurement, it is reasonable to standardize two types of coordinate systems: a tool-based basicentric (BC) system and an anatomically based biodynamic (BD) system. However, these coordinate systems are not well defined in the current standard. Definition of the standard BC system is confusing, and it can be interpreted differently; as a result, it has been inconsistently applied in various standards and studies. The standard hand BD system is defined using the orientation of the third metacarpal bone. It is neither convenient nor defined based on important biological or biodynamic features. This explains why it is rarely used in practice. To resolve these inconsistencies and deficiencies, we proposed a revised method for defining the realistic handle BC system and an alternative method for defining the hand BD system. A fingertip-based BD system for measuring the principal grip force is also proposed based on an important feature of the grip force confirmed in this study.

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An examination of the handheld adapter approach for measuring hand-transmitted vibration exposure

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

A new methodology for measuring the vibration transmission from handle to finger whilst gripping

A new methodology for measuring the vibration transmission from handle to finger whilst gripping

Vibration characteristics of golf club heads in their handheld grinding process and potential approaches for reducing the vibration exposure

Review and Evaluation of Hand–Arm Coordinate Systems for Measuring Vibration Exposure, Biodynamic Responses, and Hand Forces

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