An Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Vicarious Trauma Scale in a Sample of Licensed Social Workers

Aparicio, Elizabeth M.; Michalopoulos, Lynn Murphy; Unick, George J.

doi:10.1093/hsw/hlt017

Cited by 52 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Vicarious trauma denotes damaging changes that can occur in practitioners as a result of engaging in an empathetic relationship with traumatized clients (Aparicio, Michalopoulos, & Unick, 2013;Branson et al, 2014;Kadambi & Truscott, 2004). These changes are negative and can affect the practitioner psychologically, physically, emotionally, socially, and/or spiritually (Tosone, Nuttman-Shwartz, & Stephens, 2012).…”

Section: What Is Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overtime, practitioners engaging in empathic relationships hear numerous stories of human atrocity, creating a dark and unpleasant repertoire of client-disclosed trauma. Accordingly, practitioners experience a multifaceted process of adaption to cope with the disclosed traumatic material (Possick, Waisbrod, & Buchbinder, 2015).Cognitive changes can occur within the practitioner, creating intrusive imagery from client material, hyper vigilance in one's personal life, decreased sense of safety for self and loved ones, and an overall negative skew of the practitioner's worldview (Aparicio et al, 2013;Iqbal, 2015;Osofsky, Putman, & Lederman, 2008).…”

Section: What Is Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptomology can be divided into four broad categories: (a) avoidant behaviors, such as escalated absenteeism from work, withdrawal from family members, social isolation from friends, and/or avoidance of sexual intimacy with partner(s); (b) arousal symptoms, displayed in hyper arousal for the safety of self and loved ones, increase in stress-induced medical conditions and illnesses, general fearfulness, and/or heightened suspicion of others; (c) changes in cognitive schemas, evidenced by engagement in dysfunctional coping skills, decrease in clinical service provision and general work ethic, intensified pessimistic worldview, apathy or negative change in spiritual beliefs; and (d) intrusive imagery through aversive daydreams, mental images, or nightmares (Aparicio et al, 2013;Barrington & Shakespeare-Finch, 2013;Branson et al, 2014;Ilesanm & Eboiyehi, 2012;Mairean & Turliuc, 2012;Mishori, Mujawar, & Ravi, 2014;Possick et al, 2015;Sansbury, Graves, & Scott, 2015;Vrklevski& Franklin, 2008;Wies& Coy, 2013).Research indicates that intrusive imagery is the most commonly endorsed symptom of vicarious trauma (Branson, 2011;Bride et al, 2004). Additional professional symptoms are increased cynicism and/or misplaced anger toward clients, decrease in quality service provision due to avoidance of client disclosures of trauma, poor ethical decision making, and ultimately, practitioners leaving the field altogether due to the rigors of the work (Iqbal, 2015;Pryce et al, 2007;Shepard, 2013).…”

Section: What Is Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 demonstrates the difference in development of the two terms, specifically the involvement of empathy and change in cognitive schema for researchers in regard to vicarious trauma. Secondary traumatic stress can be sudden and episodic, whereas vicarious trauma develops through an accumulation process (Aparicio et al, 2013;Branson, 2011). Compassion fatigue is another term devised by Figley (1995) that is synonymous with secondary traumatic stress.…”

Section: Secondary Traumatic Stress and Other Closely Related Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vicarious trauma has been used applicably to describe negative changes to practitioners due to a career of treating highly traumatized populations (Aparicio et al, 2013;Barrington & Shakespeare-Finch, 2013;Iqbal, 2015;Tosone et al, 2012), as well as erroneously used to describing negative behaviors adolescents display who grow up in communities experiencing on-going political terrorism (Yazdani, Zadeh, & Shafi, 2015. As a result of poorly operationalized definition and use of the term vicarious trauma, additional scholarly attention and research is needed to determine the full extent of this phenomena.…”

Section: Secondary Traumatic Stress and Other Closely Related Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Qualitative Researchers Experience Vicarious Trauma? And, does it Matter?

Branson¹,

Radu²

2018

JSSW

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Prior research suggests that social scientists may use qualitative research to explore the experiences of marginalized groups of individuals whose experiences may be neglected in quantitative work. Through the interview process, qualitative researchers often listen to participants' accounts of traumatic life events, and empathy is a critical skill for qualitative researchers to possess. Consequently, it can be argued that empathetic engagement with victims of trauma may have long-term cumulative negative effects on researchers in the form of vicarious trauma. While prior research suggests that therapists, social workers, and other clinicians who work with victims or survivors of trauma may experience vicarious trauma, current research neglects to consider if qualitative researchers are also at risk. More research is needed to examine whether researchers engaged in qualitative work experience vicarious trauma, and if they do, further investigation into the possible consequences and implications for future research.

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Section: What Is Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secondary Traumatic Stress and Other Closely Related Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secondary Traumatic Stress and Other Closely Related Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Do Qualitative Researchers Experience Vicarious Trauma? And, does it Matter?

Branson¹,

Radu²

2018

JSSW

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Social Media and News Coverage as Vicarious Exposure

Fallahi¹

2016

The Wiley Handbook of the Psychology of Mass Shootings

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Psychotherapists' acceptance of telepsychotherapy during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A machine learning approach

Békés

Doorn

Zilcha‐Mano

et al. 2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Objective This study aimed to develop predictive models of three aspects of psychotherapists' acceptance of telepsychotherapy (TPT) during the COVID‐19 pandemic, attitudes towards TPT technology, concerns about using TPT technology and intention to use TPT technology in the future. Method Therapists ( n = 795) responded to a survey about their TPT experiences during the pandemic, including quality of the therapeutic relationship, professional self‐doubt, vicarious trauma and TPT acceptance. Regression decision tree machine learning analyses were used to build prediction models for each of three aspects of TPT acceptance in a training subset of the data and subsequently tested in the remaining subset of the total sample. Results Attitudes towards TPT were most positive for therapists who reported a neutral or strong online working alliance with their patients, especially if they experienced little professional self‐doubt and were younger than 40 years old. Therapists who were most concerned about TPT were those who reported higher levels of professional self‐doubt, particularly if they also reported vicarious trauma experiences. Therapists who reported low working alliance with their patients were least likely to use TPT in the future. Performance metrics for the decision trees indicated that these three models held up well in an out‐of‐sample dataset. Conclusions Therapists' professional self‐doubt and the quality of their working alliance with their online patients appear to be the most pertinent factors associated with therapists' acceptance of TPT technology during COVID‐19 and should be addressed in future training and research.

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An Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Vicarious Trauma Scale in a Sample of Licensed Social Workers

Cited by 52 publications

References 12 publications

Do Qualitative Researchers Experience Vicarious Trauma? And, does it Matter?

Do Qualitative Researchers Experience Vicarious Trauma? And, does it Matter?

Social Media and News Coverage as Vicarious Exposure

Psychotherapists' acceptance of telepsychotherapy during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A machine learning approach

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