An experimental study on the spray structure of oxygenated fuel using laser-based visualization and particle image velocimetry

Wu, Zhijun; Zhu, Zhiwei; Huang, Zhen

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2005.12.024

Cited by 71 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Wu et al [37] reported some stages of atomization based on the results of Reitz [38] to quantify the spray atomization. Figure 10 shows Ohnesorge number versus Reynolds number separating poor and strong atomization zones.…”

Section: Ohnesorge Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and theoretical investigation on spray characteristics of bio-ethanol blends using a direct injection system

Ghahremani¹,

Jafari²,

Ahari³

et al. 2017

Scientia Iranica

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Abstract. In the present work, the spray characteristics of bio-ethanol and its blends have been experimentally and theoretically investigated. To have a comprehensive study, the e ects of ambient condition and injection pressure on the spray of di erent blends have been considered. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of spray such as tip penetration length, cone angle, projected area, volume, Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD), and Ohnesorge number are investigated precisely. Besides, air entrainment and atomization analyses have been carried out to improve mixture formation process. Using curve tting and least squares method, theoretical correlations have been suggested in such a way to predict experimental results with the accuracy of 9.9%. To have a good estimation of the calculated parameters, uncertainty analysis has been performed. The results demonstrate that enhancing the injection pressure or decreasing the ambient pressure improves the atomization characteristics of spray. Moreover, outcomes of this study indicate that spray tip penetration is enhanced by increasing the injection pressure or bio-ethanol percentage in the blend, while spray cone angle showing the opposite behavior.

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Section: Ohnesorge Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and theoretical investigation on spray characteristics of bio-ethanol blends using a direct injection system

Ghahremani¹,

Jafari²,

Ahari³

et al. 2017

Scientia Iranica

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“…However, the spray of oxygenated fuel presents a finer droplet, a stronger interface between the fuel spray and the surrounding gas, and a more violent vortical motion. Therefore, the viscosity of the oxygenated fuels exerts a significant effect on the improvement of atomisation behavior [19]. This action causes a slightly improved BTE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics of n-Butanol-Diesel Fuel Blend Fired in a Turbo-Charged Compression Ignition Engine

Siwale¹,

Lukács²,

Török³

et al. 2013

JPEE

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In this study, n-butanol-diesel blends were burned in a turbo-charged, direct injection diesel engine where the brake thermal efficiency, (BTE) or brake specific fuel consumption, (BSFC) was compared with that of ethanol-diesel or methanol-diesel blends in another study by other authors. The test blends used were B5, B10 and B20 (where B5 is 5% n-butanol by volume and 95% diesel fuel-DF). In this study, the BTE was higher and the BSFC improved more than in the other study. Because of improved BTE with increasing brake mean effective pressure, BMEP, the BSFC reduced, however the increased shared volume of n-butanol in DF increased BSFC. Adding n-butanol in DF slightly derated the torque, brake power output with increasing speed, and caused a fall in exhaust gas temperatures, (EGT) which improves the volumetric efficiency and reduces compression work. Therefore, a small-shared volume of n-butanol in DF fired in a turbo-charged diesel engine performs better in terms of BTE and BSFC than that of ethanol or methanol blending in DF.

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“…Table 1 shows some phase change conditions for dodecane. The necessary mass ration can directly be calculated from equation (6). The according liquid length ̃ is again the solution of equatzion (5) for ̃( = ).…”

Section: Calculation Model IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this model several assumptions were made: 1) u(x) is constant in every cross section (rectangular velocity profile in the spray) 2) air only moves in radial direction outside the spray [6] 3) orifice exit velocity 0 , spray spreading angle and nozzle discharge coefficient are constant [5] 4) no-slip condition between air and fuel 5) constant ambient density Siebers et al defined a dimensionless orifice distance ̃ for better comparability between different ambient conditions (4). In addition, they defined the mass flow ratio B as function of this dimensionless distance (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The liquid penetration of diesel substitutes

Riess

Weiß

Rezaei

et al. 2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

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Diesel fuel consist of several hundreds of substances on organic basis. Experimental and numerical investigations of this multicomponent fuel are hard to interpret in detail, since the behavior of the multicomponent mixture is complex. Physical and chemical data of this system is not available under engine relevant conditions. Instead, fundamental research substitutes diesel with pure substances, where a big database exists. Prior work already showed, that overall spray propagation (including vapor phase) is nearly independent on the injected fuel. This is due to the high air entrainment at present diesel engine conditions (very high injection pressure and dense ambient atmosphere). The high air entrainment shortly behind the nozzle exit (within the first 5 mm penetration) creates a situation where properties of the ambient gas dominate the spray propagation resulting in similar mass and momentum distributions even for different fuels, if the injection conditions are kept constant. On the other hand, the liquid length is clearly different for different fuels, so that location and time of the phase change differ with consequences on the time available for mixture formation in the gas phase. The paper describes the liquid length as a function of the enthalpy necessary for the phase transition (given by the fuel and fuel temperature at injection) and the injection conditions (ambient gas properties, injector design and injection pressure). We compare two different models describing the enthalpy balance. Siebers et al. presented "Model I", where mass transfer dominates the enthalpy transfer and evaporation takes place. In our own "Model II" evaporation is suppressed, resulting in a heat transfer driven enthalpy transfer without mass transport. The calculations are validated with experimental data. The liquid length is optically accessible by Mie-Scattering imaging techniques, the complete spray evolution by Schlieren technique. The experimental study was carried out in the high-pressure combustion vessel "OptiVeP" at FAU. The data shown in this paper derived from measurements with dodecane injected at 1200 bar into 613 K ambient. The ambient pressure varies from 1 -10 MPa. A Continental research injector with a 115 µm hole and L/D of 6.5 was used. Nitrogen atmosphere suppressed ignition. Increasing the ambient pressure leads to a change in the mechanism in phase transition. It switches from a mass transfer dominated regime to a heat transfer dominated regime at high ambient pressures. Keywords Diesel, liquid-penetration, enthalpy IntroductionDiesel injection is in focus of research for many years now, but still basic parameters like the liquid length are not physically described yet. One problem is that no fluid data of multicomponent systems under relevant ambient conditions are available. Thus, research often substitutes diesel with pure substances like dodecane. Dennis Siebers delivered the most comprehensive description of diesel fuel injection in the late 90s. He summarized his findings in his scaling l...

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An experimental study on the spray structure of oxygenated fuel using laser-based visualization and particle image velocimetry

Cited by 71 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental and theoretical investigation on spray characteristics of bio-ethanol blends using a direct injection system

Experimental and theoretical investigation on spray characteristics of bio-ethanol blends using a direct injection system

Performance Characteristics of n-Butanol-Diesel Fuel Blend Fired in a Turbo-Charged Compression Ignition Engine

The liquid penetration of diesel substitutes

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