An explanation for the cosmological redshift

Mamas, Dean L.

doi:10.4006/1.3397803

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In Mamas' model the photon is viewed as an electromagnetic wave whose electric field component causes oscillations in deep space free electrons which then re-radiate energy from the photon, causing a red-shift. The predicted red-shift coincides with the data of the Hubble diagram [105].…”

Section: Deep Space Electronssupporting

confidence: 86%

On the Interpretation of Spectral Red-Shift in Astrophysics: A Survey of Red-Shift Mechanisms - II

Marmet

2018

Preprint

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This paper gives a compilation of physical mechanisms which have been proposed to explain the spectral red-shift of distant astronomical objects. Over sixty selected mechanisms are listed for the purpose of quantitative comparisons. Some of these mechanisms may not completely account for all astrophysical observations but are relevant to particular situations such as the solar limb red-shift, the red-shift of quasars or the cosmological red-shift. However, this paper focuses mainly on the 59 mechanisms giving a quantitative description of the cosmological redshift-distance relationship. A description is given for each mechanism including its properties, limits of applicability, functional relationships and comments.

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Section: Deep Space Electronssupporting

confidence: 86%

On the Interpretation of Spectral Red-Shift in Astrophysics: A Survey of Red-Shift Mechanisms - II

Marmet

2018

Preprint

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“…All the studies of Saalmann and Rost, 14 Kim et al, 15 and Mamas 12 have shown that there is energy transfer in the interaction process of photons with massive particles. It is realized here that all massive particles, including atoms and molecules, are possible to be affected by photons in deep space.…”

Section: A the Densities Of Photons And Massive Particlesmentioning

confidence: 97%

The energy loss of photons and cosmological redshift*

Shao¹

2013

Physics Essays

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The "tired light" hypothesis interprets the cosmological redshift on an assumption of energy loss of photons interacting with massive particles by some researchers. A new mechanistic model of "tired light" is proposed by establishing a differential equation through the analysis of a photon's energy loss based on the classical electromagnetic theory and principles of the mass-energy equivalence and the wave-particle duality. The photon transfers some energy to massive particles by Lorentz electric force in their interaction. The expanding result of the equation's solution is a formula for redshift, which shows a relationship of redshift to the wavelength of light and the number of massive particles that the photon encountered. The model agrees with the observational data in the cited literature by the relationship of redshift to wavelength of light. And, the relationship of redshift to the number of massive particles encountered by the photons explains the "limb effect" on the solar disc, the signal redshift of Pioneer 6, and the large redshifts of quasars, all of which cannot be explained by the Doppler effect. The new model provides a basis for the hypothesis of "tired light" to become a reasonable theory. V C 2013 Physics Essays Publication. [http://dx.Résumé: L'hypothèse de la "fatigue de la lumière" interprète le décalage spectral cosmologique comme dû à la perte d'énergie de photons en interaction avec des particules massives par certains chercheurs. Un nouveau modèle mécanique de fatigue de la lumière est proposé ici, grâce à l'établissement d'une équation différentielle, elle-même fondée sur l'analyse de la perte d'énergie du photon, analyse fondée sur la théorie électromagnétique classique, le principe de l'équivalence masse-énergie, et la dualité onde-particule. Le photon communique de l'énergie aux particules massives par l'intervention dans l'interaction d'une force de Lorentz électrique. La solution de l'équation est une formule donnant le décalage spectral, et démontre une relation entre ce décalage et la longueur d'onde, et le nombre de particules massives rencontrées par ce photon. Le modèle est en accord avec les données de l'observation telles que connues dans la littérature en ce qui concerne cette relation entre le décalage spectral et la longueur d'onde. Et la relation entre le décalage spectral et le nombre de particules massives explique l'effet de bord (limb effect) observé sur le disque solaire, mais aussi le décalage spectral du signal reçu de la sonde Pionnier 6, et le décalage spectral très important du spectre des quasars, aucun de ces effets ne pouvant être expliqué par l'effet Doppler. Ce nouveau modèle fournit les fondements de l'hypothèse de la fatigue de la lumière, qui peut alors devenir une théorie raisonnable.

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“…Although Zwicky objected to the Doppler effect interpretation of cosmological redshift, the tired light hypothesis was vague on physical mechanics, so few people took the hypothesis seriously. But there have been a few people contemplating tired light, keenly working to find the physical mechanics thereof, without success [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The physical mechanics of tired light was not clearly described until 2013 when M. Shao published his paper.…”

Section: The History Of "Tired Light" Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tired Light Denies the Big Bang

Shao¹,

Wang²,

Gao³

2019

Redefining Standard Model Cosmology

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More and more problems related to Big Bang have been appeared in recent years. All the problems are due to the Doppler interpretation of redshift. The "tired light" theory, proposed in 1929 by Zwicky and most recently developed by Shao in 2013, gives a new explanation for redshift. The theory has shown that the redshift is induced from the energy loss of photons by the interaction with material particles on their journey through cosmological space. The basic principles related to the energy transfer are mainly the mass-energy equivalence and the Lorentz theory. Problems, such as super velocity, the horizon problem, the cosmological microwave background radiation, and Olbers' paradox, vanish in the cosmological model of "tired light" theory. The model describes a boundless and timeless Cosmos.

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An explanation for the cosmological redshift

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

On the Interpretation of Spectral Red-Shift in Astrophysics: A Survey of Red-Shift Mechanisms - II

On the Interpretation of Spectral Red-Shift in Astrophysics: A Survey of Red-Shift Mechanisms - II

The energy loss of photons and cosmological redshift*

Tired Light Denies the Big Bang

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