An Exploration of Factors Affecting <i>In Vitro</i> Deposition of Pharmaceutical Aerosols in the Alberta Idealized Throat

Ruzycki, Conor A.; Finlay, Warren H.

doi:10.1089/jamp.2019.1531

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Besides, the internal geometry was more complex than artificial throat in real human body and moist mucus layers also existed, which might lead to more particle deposition without bouncing back. Thus, the Alberta throat 50 with more detailed internal geometry and 1% Tween® 80 9 could be applied in the future study for acquiring more realistic correlation between in vitro simulation and in vivo .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A real-time and modular approach for quick detection and mechanism exploration of DPIs with different carrier particle sizes

Cui

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

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Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) had been widely used in lung diseases on account of direct pulmonary delivery, good drug stability and satisfactory patient compliance. However, an indistinct understanding of pulmonary delivery processes (PDPs) hindered the development of DPIs. Most current evaluation methods explored the PDPs with over-simplified models, leading to uncompleted investigations of the whole or partial PDPs. In the present research, an innovative modular process analysis platform (MPAP) was applied to investigate the detailed mechanisms of each PDP of DPIs with different carrier particle sizes (CPS). The MPAP was composed of a laser particle size analyzer, an inhaler device, an artificial throat and a pre-separator, to investigate the fluidization and dispersion, transportation, detachment and deposition process of DPIs. The release profiles of drug, drug aggregation and carrier were monitored in real-time. The influence of CPS on PDPs and corresponding mechanisms were explored. The powder properties of the carriers were investigated by the optical profiler and Freeman Technology four powder rheometer. The next generation impactor was employed to explore the aerosolization performance of DPIs. The novel MPAP was successfully applied in exploring the comprehensive mechanism of PDPs, which had enormous potential to be used to investigate and develop DPIs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A real-time and modular approach for quick detection and mechanism exploration of DPIs with different carrier particle sizes

Cui

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

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show abstract

“…To summarize the limitations discussed above: (1) differences in inhaler brands, (2) comparisons were based on the percentage of particles in the 1-5-mm range and not the total number of particles in this size range, (3) the nonspherical shape of the inhaler's albuterol particles, and (4) the use of the Ventolin brand inhaler, which might be different from other albuterol inhaler brands. Other studies have examined additional clinical factors that affect respiratory drug deposition, such as humidity 11,12 and insertion angle of the inhaler, 11 thus, there are numerous other factors that affect inhaler performance and clinical response that were not tested in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental and Mechanical Variations on Particle Size Distribution of Albuterol HFA Inhalers

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to evaluate how factors (ambient temperature, shaking the inhaler before use, suspension of the inhaler in water, and the variation over the lifetime of the inhaler) affect the particle-size distributions from albuterol HFA inhalers. METHODS: We used a laser particle-size analyzer to measure the percentage of particles in the 1-to 5-lm range (fine-particle fraction) serially 2,500 times per second to obtain a window of useful measurements with each inhaler actuation. We compared the inhaler performance results as follows: cold versus hot, full versus partial versus empty inhaler actuations, shaken versus unshaken, and inhaler characteristics after water submersion. RESULTS: The effect of temperature was as follows: fine-particle fraction was 14.4% at 5 C, 37.9% at 24 -25 C, and 38.1% at 45 C. The fine-particle fraction at the start, middle, end, and past the end of the inhaler's rated lifetime were 37.9, 26.3, 27.9, and 22.0%, respectively. Shaking the inhaler did not improve the inhaler's fine-particle fraction. Submerging the inhaler reduced the fine-particle fraction to 14.3% without purging and to 20.5% with purging compared with the 42.1% for the control inhaler, which was not submerged. CONCLUSIONS: Temperature made a difference, with cold inhalers producing a lower fine-particle fraction. The early portion of the inhaler had a better fine-particle fraction than the middle and end of the inhaler's lifespan. We could not demonstrate that shaking the inhaler had a significant effect on the fine-particle fraction. Submerging the inhaler in water significantly reduced the fine-particle fraction.

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“…If differences in TLD are to be relied upon, it is preferred that these measurements come from in vivo clinical studies (i.e., imaging or charcoal block pharmacokinetics methods). Alternatively anatomical throat models (e.g., the Alberta Idealized Throat, AIT), particularly when using realistic inspiratory flow profiles, have demonstrated good in vitro/in vivo correlations (Zhang et al, 2007;Byron et al, 2010;Delvadia et al, 2012;Olsson et al, 2013;Finlay and Martin, 2015;Weers et al, 2015;Ruzycki et al, 2019;Newman and Chan, 2020;Ruzycki et al, 2020). The last choice for estimates of TLD should be cascade impactors.…”

Section: Minimum Threshold Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Suboptimal Inspiratory Flow Rates With Passive Dry Powder Inhalers: Big Issue or Overstated Problem?

Weers¹

2022

Front. Drug. Deliv.

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An Exploration of Factors Affecting In Vitro Deposition of Pharmaceutical Aerosols in the Alberta Idealized Throat

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

A real-time and modular approach for quick detection and mechanism exploration of DPIs with different carrier particle sizes

A real-time and modular approach for quick detection and mechanism exploration of DPIs with different carrier particle sizes

Effects of Environmental and Mechanical Variations on Particle Size Distribution of Albuterol HFA Inhalers

Suboptimal Inspiratory Flow Rates With Passive Dry Powder Inhalers: Big Issue or Overstated Problem?

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