“…The most common operational definitions of parenting outcomes are parental warmth (Barrett, 2009; D. Cross et al, 2016; Lind et al, 2018), insightfulness regarding their child’s inner world (Koren-Karie & Getzler-Yosef, 2019), parenting practice and attachment bond (Allbaugh et al, 2014; Jaffe et al, 2012; Kwako et al, 2010; Zvara et al, 2015 ), parenting sense of competence and satisfaction (Pazdera et al, 2013; Renner et al, 2015), and other parenting functions such as communication, supervision, and involvement with their child (Allbaugh et al, 2014; Anthony et al, 2014; Collin-Vézina et al, 2005; Testa et al, 2011) as well as child mental health status (Baril et al, 2016; Linde-Krieger & Yates, 2018).…”