An Exploratory Study of Pandemic-Restricted Travel—A New Form of Travel Pattern on the during- and Post-COVID-19 Era

Abstract

This study introduces a new travel pattern “pandemic-restricted travel” that exists from COVID-19 based on prospect theory. The purpose of this study is to incorporate the motivation to travel and constraint to normal travel to predict tourists’ intention to continue visiting other alternative destinations due to COVID-19 restrictions. This study first generated the items of motivation to travel and constraints to normal travel from a focus group interview with 15 travel industry professionals in December 2020 in Zhuhai. Then, an online survey collected data from 416 respondents in the Greater Bay Area of China from January to February 2021. The results of exploratory factor analysis using SPSS identified two factors of motivation to travel (leisure and exploration) and two factors of favourable constraints to normal travel (policy restriction and perceived risk). The results of partial least squares–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) indicated that these four factors positively influence satisfaction but only leisure and exploration factors positively influence the intention of continuous pandemic-restricted travel. Among the four factors, leisure has the strongest impact on both satisfaction and intention of continue travelling. The results also revealed that satisfaction fully mediates the effects of two constraint factors and partially mediates the effects of two motivation factors on the intention of continuous pandemic-restricted travel. Implications for researchers and governments for pandemic-restricted travel during and in the post-COVID-19 era are then discussed.

Health safety measures of the host destination: A new perception of tourists in destination attractiveness

“…Government policies and strategies [73], [79], [80] Various forms of tourism [16], [17], [27], [60] NICHE products of tourism [16], [17], [28], [49], [52] No fear of terrorism [3], [5]…”

Understanding Tourists’ Social Networking Site (SNS) Intention with Regards to World Heritage Sites: The Role of Motivation and Overall Image

“…However, there is very little research on predicting tourists' SNS intentions to share their travel experiences at heritage destinations. Moreover, although researchers have extensively studied travel motivations [20][21][22], destination image formation [23][24][25][26], and SNS post intention [27,28], the authors of studies have seldom integrated these aspects into world heritage tourism with an increasing emphasis on SNSs. In addition, there is a lack of comprehensive research that directly links motivations, destination image, and SNS intention.…”

Contemporary sustainability themes in tourism and hospitality during and post COVID‐19: Critical review and a step strategies forward for post the pandemic

“…Elkhwesky, Salem, et al (2022) noted in their systematic literature review that there exists a scarcity of research on the antecedents, outcomes, and integrating theories about sustainable hospitality practices. Some noteworthy studies include ‘assessment of tourism environmental impacts for the post‐COVID era (Candia & Pirlone, 2021)’, ‘impact of tourism on the environment amid COVID‐19 (Nagaj & Žuromskaitė, 2021)’, ‘COVID‐19 crisis vis‐à‐vis sustainability in the hospitality sector (Jones & Comfort, 2020)’, ‘waste management in hospitality for the post‐Covid scenario (Filimonau, 2021)’, ‘impacts of COVID‐19 on ecotourism (Soliku et al, 2021)’, ‘COVID‐19 and African tourism research agenda (Rogerson & Baum, 2020)’, ‘emerging issues and challenges in Indian tourism and hospitality business (Sanjeev & Tiwari, 2021), “tourism in South Africa during COVID‐19 (Musavengane & Leonard, 2022)” Specific exemplary systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analysis‐based studies include ‘sustainability perspectives in tourism and hospitality industry (Lima Santos et al, 2020)’, ‘advancing environmental knowledge in the hospitality industry in Covid society (Martínez‐Martínez et al, 2022)’, ‘resilience of tourism and hospitality industry amid COVID‐19 (Altshuler & Schmidt, 2021)’, ‘comparison of health‐related crisis in tourism and hospitality context (Park et al, 2022)’, ‘crisis reactions towards major disease outbreaks in the tourism context (Chen et al, 2021)’, ‘COVID‐19 and tourism (Utkarsh & Sigala, 2021)’, ‘trends of COVID‐19 and tourism (Viana‐Lora & Nel‐Lo‐Andreu, 2022)’, ‘themes for tourism and hospitality education post‐COVID‐19 (Menon et al, 2021)’, ‘utilizing technology tools to tackle COVID‐19 challenges in travel and tourism (Ndou et al, 2022)’, and ‘hospitality and tourism under COVID‐19 (Wang et al, 2022)’.…”