An extended gate field-effect transistor (EG-FET) type non-enzymatic glucose sensor with inkjet-printed copper oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

We develop a disposable and cost-effective non-enzymatic glucose sensor consisting of an extended gate field effect transistor (EG-FET) to obtain effortless operation. The sensor is fabricated by printing, gold (Au) precursor ink and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) inks using a commercial inkjet printer on a flexible Polyimide (PI) substrate. First, sensing properties are tested electrochemically. The sensor shows a sensitivity of 728.5 μA cm−2 mM−1 and a detection limit of 0.01 mM with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.998. The observed linear dynamic range is from 0.5 to 7 mM. After that, the sensing electrode is adapted to the EG-FET. Two linear response ranges extend from 0.1 to 4 mM of a low concentration range of glucose with a sensitivity of 1295 μA cm−2 mM−1, and from 5 to 30 mM of a high concentration range of glucose with a sensitivity of 164 μA cm−2 mM−1 are observed. The EG-FET approach can enhance the detection sensitivities using amplification for a low concentration glucose range and extending a detection range for high concentration glucose. The presented work demonstrates that simply printed CuO NPs sensors can be used at low cost for disposable wide-range glucose detection devices. Article Highlights A non-enzymatic printed glucose sensor using an inkjet printer has been successfully developed. CuO nanoparticles ink is printed on thin gold electrodes on Polyimide film. We evaluate the glucose detection of extended-gate field-effect transistor (EG-FET) sensors. The sensitivity is estimated to be 1295 μA cm−2 mM−1. The EG-FET structure has the merit of a simple operation and cost-effective personal health care devices.

Sensors for Smart Agriculture and Beyond…

“…Inkjet printing is simply cost-effective and well suited for printing very small sensors, which are still benefits for non-flexible applications. Wearable glucose inkjet sensors have been printed using gold ink and copper oxide nanoparticles, 92 as well as other inks and nanoparticles. This type of sensor is disposable and wearable, which is both convenient and cheap for the user.…”

Two-Dimensional Ternary Nanocomposite-Decorated Cellulose Field Effect Transistor for Nonenzymatic Sweat Glucose Sensing

“…However, there are challenges in developing FET-based sensing devices for real-time biomedical applications, such as (1) high-temperature requirements for device fabrication and mass production, (2) the need for bendable and disposable devices using less expensive procedures, and (3) the need for improved performance, carrier mobility, switching speed, and power dissipation. Researchers have explored using sustainable electronics in glucose-sensing applications to address these challenges. ,− While silicon/polymer-based devices cannot be completely avoided, sustainable (paper/cloth) electronics have become popular due to their sensing ability, eco-friendly properties, nontoxicity, lightweight nature, scalability, simple fabrication procedures, and comparatively low power. , Developing low-cost, disposable, and flexible wearable sensors using sustainable materials makes continuous glucose monitoring easy and affordable. In addition, flexible polymer substrates like polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) require expensive, complicated endures.…”

Exploring the ITO/PET Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor (EGFET) for pH Sensing

“…EGFETs have found applications in diverse fields, particularly in pH measurement [13][14][15][16], enabling accurate determination of acidity and alkalinity. Beyond that, they have been employed in detecting urea [17], quantifying glucose levels [18], and even conducting DNA tests [19]. The working principle of EGFETs closely mirrors that of ISFETs.…”