An HRP-study of the frequency-place map of the horseshoe bat cochlea: Morphological correlates of the sharp tuning to a narrow frequency band

Vater, Marianne; Feng, Albert S.; Betz, M

doi:10.1007/bf01351361

Cited by 110 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Complete or partial frequency mapping data, similar to those reported here, are available for the cat (Liberman 1982), the rat (Miiller 1991), the guinea pig (Robertson 1984), two species of bats (Kossl and Vater 1985;Vater et al 1985), the chicken (Manley et al 1987), the starling (Gleich 1989), the pigeon (Smolders et al 1990) and two species of lizards Manley 1989, 1990). With the exception of the specialized bats, exponential, power or related regressions have been found to represent the frequency distribution quite well in all those cases.…”

Section: The Barn Owl Map In Comparison With Maps From Other Birds Ansupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The general shape, although not the absolute mapping constants, of the barn owl's frequency map is comparable to the cochlear maps of highly specialized bats (Kossl and Vater 1985;Vater et al 1985). Like those mammals, the owl has enormously increased the space available for the analysis of a frequency range particularly important to it.…”

Section: The Barn Owl Map In Comparison With Maps From Other Birds Anmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This method, introduced by Liberman (1982), however, requires good access to the auditory ganglion or nerve, which is difficult to achieve in the barn owl. We therefore chose to use extracellular HRP-labelling of small groups of physiologically-characterized primary neurones via injections into the cochlear nuclei, a method first used by Vater et al (1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An auditory fovea in the barn owl cochlea

1993

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Abstract. The distribution of frequencies along the basilar papilla of the barn owl (Tylo alba) was studied by labelling small groups of primary auditory neurones of defined frequency response and tracing them to their peripheral innervation sites. The exact location of marked neurones was determined in cochlear wholemounts with the aid of a special surface preparation technique. The average basilar papilla length (in fixed, embedded specimens) was 10.74 mm.The resulting frequency map shows the basic vertebrate pattern with the lowest frequencies represented apically and increasingly higher frequencies mapped at progressively more basal locations. However, the length of basilar papilla devoted to different frequency ranges, i.e. the space per octave, varies dramatically in the barn owl. The lower frequencies (up to 2 kHz) show values between about 0.35 and 1 mm/octave, which are roughly equivalent to values reported for other birds. Above that, the space increases enormously, the highest octave (5-10 kHz) covering about 6 mm, or more than half of the length of the basilar papilla.Such an overrepresentation of a narrow, behaviourally very important frequency band is also seen in some bats, where it has been termed an acoustic or auditory fovea.

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Section: The Barn Owl Map In Comparison With Maps From Other Birds Ansupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: The Barn Owl Map In Comparison With Maps From Other Birds Anmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An auditory fovea in the barn owl cochlea

1993

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“…4 presents place-CF maps (lines) for the basal end of the cochleae of barn owl, cat, chinchilla, gerbil, guinea pig, horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rouxii), pigeon, rat, and red-eared turtle (Chrysemys scripta). The maps for barn owl, cat, gerbil, horseshoe bat, pigeon, and rat were derived from auditory-nerve fibers with innervation sites ascertained by using cellular markers (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41). For guinea pig, the map is based on recordings from somata in the spiral ganglion (42).…”

Section: The Tonotopic Organization Of the Cochlea Contributes To Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of the external, middle, and inner ears in determining the bandwidth of hearing

Ruggero

Temchin

2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

108

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The view seems to prevail that the frequency range of hearing is determined by the properties of the outer and middle ears. We argue that this view is an oversimplification, in part because the reactive component of cochlear input impedance, which affects the low-frequency sensitivity of the cochlea, is neglected. Further, we use comparisons of audiograms and transfer functions for stapes (or columella) velocity or pressure in scala vestibuli near the stapes footplate to show that the middle ear by itself is not responsible for limiting high-frequency hearing in the few species for which such comparisons are possible. Finally, we propose that the tonotopic organization of the cochlea plays a crucial role in setting the frequency limits of cochlear sensitivity and hence in determining the bandwidth of hearing.T his article has two purposes. The first is to argue that the often-stated notion that the shape of the audiogram is largely due to the frequency-filtering properties of the external and middle ears is an oversimplification. That notion neglects the fact that a reactive component of cochlear input impedance decreases the low-frequency sensitivity of the cochlea. More importantly, comparisons of behavioral thresholds and the magnitudes of stapes (or columella) velocity (V) or pressure in scala vestibuli near the stapes footplate (P SV ) reveal that the middle ear does not limit highfrequency hearing in the few species for which such comparisons are possible. The second purpose is to offer the hypothesis that the tonotopic organization of the cochlea makes a crucial contribution to setting the frequency limits of inner-ear responses and hence the bandwidth of hearing thresholds. Historical OverviewWhen it became evident that ''high-frequency hearing is . . . a uniquely mammalian characteristic'' (1), there was speculation on the physiological and phylogenetic origins of the frequency limitations of hearing. According to one view, high-frequency hearing in mammals ''depends on the ossicular linkage in the middle ear and may have been one of the primary sources of selective pressure that resulted in the evolutionary transformation of reptilian jaw bones into mammalian auditory ossicles'' (1). A more inclusive perspective was that ''the ossicular chain of the mammalian ear is not the only factor involved in the high-frequency sensitivity of mammals'' (2), and it was suggested that the high-frequency limit of hearing across species is well correlated with an index derived from the length and width of the basilar membrane (BM; ref.3).On the basis of theoretical considerations, it was postulated long ago that cochlear input impedance is resistive at most frequencies and that reactive components affect cochlear responses only at very low (e.g., Ͻ3-10 Hz) and very high (4, 5) frequencies, thus playing a very minor role in determining the bandwidth of hearing. However, a significant role for the cochlea in setting the low-frequency limit of hearing became evident when microphonics data suggested that cochlear input im...

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“…The hair cells sensitive to that narrow band occupy the entire second turn of the cochlea, what correspond to one-fourth of the length of the basilar membrane. In FM bats this region contains the representation of about one octave and the frequency progression of the hair cells id approximately logarithmic Vater et al (1985), Neuweiler (2000). This very narrow filter in CF bats is called auditory fovea.…”

Section: Functional Anatomy Of the Earmentioning

confidence: 99%