An <i>in situ</i> enclosure experiment to test the solar UVB impact on plankton in a high-altitude mountain lake. I. Lack of effect on phytoplankton species composition and growth

Halac, Silvana R.; Felip, Marisol; Camarero, Lluís; Sommaruga-Wögrath, Sabine; Psenner, Roland; Catalan, Jordi; Sommaruga, Rubén

doi:10.1093/plankt/19.11.1671

Cited by 84 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…They often have solid cell walls encrusted with sporopollenin. In another experiment the effects of solar UV-B on growth and species composition were studied in an exclusion experiment in a high-altitude mountain lake [166]. In this study no significant differences were found between the control (full sunlight) and the UV-B-depleted enclosure.…”

Section: Freshwatermentioning

confidence: 70%

Effects on aquatic ecosystems

Häder

Kumar

Smith

et al. 1998

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

334

160

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Regarding the effects of UV-B radiation on aquatic ecosystems, recent scientific and public interest has focused on marine primary producers and on the aquatic web, which has resulted in a multitude of studies indicating mostly detrimental effects of UV-B radiation on aquatic organisms. The interest has expanded to include ecologically significant groups and major biomass producers using mesocosm studies, emphasizing species interactions. This paper assesses the effects of UV-B radiation on dissolved organic matter, decomposers, primary and secondary producers, and briefly summarizes recent studies in freshwater and marine systems.Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) are degradation products of living organisms. These substances are of importance in the cycling of carbon in aquatic ecosystems. UV-B radiation has been found to break down high-molecular-weight substances and make them available to bacterial degradation. In addition, DOC is responsible for short-wavelength absorption in the water column. Especially in coastal areas and freshwater ecosystems, penetration of solar radiation is limited by high concentrations of dissolved and particulate matter. On the other hand, climate warming and acidification result in faster degradation of these substances and thus enhance the penetration of UV radiation into the water column.Several research groups have investigated light penetration into the water column. Past studies on UV penetration into the water column were based on temporally and spatially scattered measurements. The process of spectral attenuation of radiant energy in natural waters is well understood and straightforward to model. Less known is the spatial and temporal variability of in-water optical properties influencing UV attenuation and there are few long-term observations. In Europe, this deficiency of measurements is being corrected by a project involving the development of a monitoring system (ELDONET) for solar radiation using three-channel dosimeters (UV-A, UV-B, PAR) that are being installed from Abisko (North Sweden, 688N, 198E) to Tenerife (Canary Islands, 278N, 178W). Some of the instruments have been installed in the water column (North Sea, Baltic Sea, Kattegat, East and Western Mediterranean, North Atlantic), establishing the first network of underwater dosimeters for continuous monitoring.Bacteria play a vital role in mineralization of organic matter and provide a trophic link to higher organisms. New techniques have substantially changed our perception of the role of bacteria in aquatic ecosystems over the recent past and bacterioplankton productivity is far greater than previously thought, having high division and turnover rates. It has been shown that bacterioplankton play a central role in the carbon flux in aquatic ecosystems by taking up DOC and remineralizing the carbon. Bacterioplankton are more prone to UV-B stress than larger eukaryotic organisms and, based on one study, produce about double the amount of cyclobutane dimers. Recently, th...

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Section: Freshwatermentioning

confidence: 70%

Effects on aquatic ecosystems

Häder

Kumar

Smith

et al. 1998

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

334

160

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“…We have no information about which species of phytoplankton are able to synthesize MAAs in the study lakes. However, experiments in one of the studied lakes (Gossenköllesee) have shown that the phytoplankton community structure during summer is dominated in the epilimnion by UV-tolerant species (Halac et al 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Large variability in the concentration of mycosporine‐like amino acids among zooplankton from lakes located across an altitude gradient

Tartarotti

Laurion

Sommaruga

2001

Limnology & Oceanography

Self Cite

104

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Large variability in the concentration of mycosporine-like amino acids among zooplankton from lakes located across an altitude gradient Abstract-The qualitative and quantitative composition of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), a family of intracellular UV-absorbing compounds, were investigated in zooplankton from 15 lakes located in the Central Alps between 913 and 2,485 m above sea level. The lakes differed in their UV water transparency (1% attenuation depth, Z 1% , at 320 nm: 1.1-25.6 m) and maximum depth (Z max : 3-133 m), thus offering the possibility to test the influence of different UV exposure conditions of zooplankton on the concentration of MAAs. Seven distinct MAAs were detected, but shinorine (maximum absorption: 334 nm) was the predominant compound. In the copepods Cyclops abyssorum, C. abyssorum tatricus, and Acanthodiaptomus denticornis, the total MAA concentration ranged from 0.01 to 3.1% of the dry weight. In the rotifers Keratella cochlearis and Polyarthra dolichoptera, MAAs were also found; however, these compounds were undetectable in Asplanchna priodonta as well as in the cladocerans Daphnia hyalina, D. longispina, Bosmina longispina, and Chydorus sphaericus. The total concentration of MAAs in populations of Cyclops spp. and phytoplankton collected simultaneously was not associated (r 2 ϭ 0.09, P Ͼ 0.05), suggesting a different dynamic in the accumulation of these compounds. The variability in the concentration of MAAs, however, was related with the diffuse attenuation coefficient at 320 nm (r 2 ϭ 0.74, P Ͻ 0.001) and the fraction of the water column to which 1% of the surface irradiance at 320 nm (Z 1% : Z max ) penetrated (r 2 ϭ 0.86, P Ͻ 0.001). These relationships suggest that the prevailing UV exposure condition in the lakes is a major determinant of the concentration of MAAs found in zooplankton. Our data support the hypothesis that MAAs, together with other photoprotective compounds, play a major role in minimizing the damaging effects of solar UV radiation in zooplankton from transparent lakes.

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“…Studies devoted to evaluate the effects of UVR on phytoplankton communities over long periods of time have highlighted the high variability in responses. Some outdoor mesocosms studies showed little UVR effects on chlorophyll a (Chl a) content (Halac et al 1997;Wängberg et al 1999;Whitehead et al 2000). On the other hand, Forster et al (2001) working with phytoplankton of the Darss-Zingst estuary in the Baltic Sea found higher Chl a concentration in samples that did not receive UVR, as also observed in the experiments www.intechopen.com Long-Term UVR Effects Upon Phytoplankton Natural Communities of Patagonian Coastal Waters 231 carried out by Keller et al (1997) with communities off Narragansett Bay.…”

Section: Assessment Of Uvr Effects Upon Phytoplankton Over Long-term mentioning

confidence: 59%

Long-Term UVR Effects Upon Phytoplankton Natural Communities of Patagonian Coastal Waters

Halac¹,

Villafañe²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2011

Biomass and Remote Sensing of Biomass

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An in situ enclosure experiment to test the solar UVB impact on plankton in a high-altitude mountain lake. I. Lack of effect on phytoplankton species composition and growth

Cited by 84 publications

References 36 publications

Effects on aquatic ecosystems

Effects on aquatic ecosystems

Large variability in the concentration of mycosporine‐like amino acids among zooplankton from lakes located across an altitude gradient

Long-Term UVR Effects Upon Phytoplankton Natural Communities of Patagonian Coastal Waters

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