An Implantable Inductive Near-Field Communication System with 64 Channels for Acquisition of Gastrointestinal Bioelectrical Activity

Javan-Khoshkholgh, Amir; Farajidavar, Aydin

doi:10.3390/s19122810

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As a result, for a data rate of 125 kb/s, we reduced “high” pulses from 4 μs to 0.5 μs. The DPP encoding algorithm is discussed by the authors of [ 32 ]. Each NFC data packet consists of an 8-bit start-of-frame (SOF) header and a 12-bit V REC sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Inductively Powered Implantable System to Study the Gastrointestinal Electrophysiology in Freely Behaving Rodents

et al. 2022

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Chronic studies in the fasting and fed states of conscious subjects are fundamental for understanding the pathophysiological significance of functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and motility dysfunctions. To study the electrophysiology of the GI tract in the long term, the development of gastric implants is essential. This paper presents the development of an implantable system capable of monitoring the bioelectrical activity of the gastric system and modulating the activity in freely behaving rodents. The system consists of a miniature-sized implantable unit (IU), a stationary unit (SU) that communicates with the IU over a 2.4 GHz far-field radio frequency (RF) bidirectional link, and a charging unit (CU) that establishes an inductive 13.56 MHz near-field communication (NFC) with the IU, implementing an adaptive wireless power transfer (WPT). The CU can generate an adjustable power between +20 dBm and +30 dBm, and, in the presence of body movements and stomach motility, can deliver a constant rectified voltage to the IU. The live subject’s exposure to the electromagnetic WPT in the developed system complies with the RF energy absorption restrictions for health and safety concerns. The system can be utilized to investigate the relationship between functional GI disorders and dysrhythmias in the gastric bioelectrical activity and study the potential of electroceutical therapies for motility dysfunctions in clinical settings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the data packets can be detected using an envelope detector. The details of the LSK modulation are explained in a previous study [ 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inductively Powered Implantable System to Study the Gastrointestinal Electrophysiology in Freely Behaving Rodents

et al. 2022

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“…A common approach used a number of conventional implantable medical devices such as cochlear implants for example, combines the power and data telemetries using inductive (near field) coupling [25], [26]. The downlink (external to implant) communication uses encoding schemes such as frequency or phase shift keying (FSK or PSK) to embed the downlink data within the power carrier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 300 Mbps 37 pJ/bit UWB-Based Transcutaneous Optical Biotelemetry Link

Marcellis

Stanchieri

Faccio

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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This paper reports an implantable transcutaneous telemetry for a brain machine interface that uses a novel optical communication system to achieve a highly energy-efficient link. Based on an pulse-based coding scheme, the system uses subnanosecond laser pulses to achieve data rates up to 300 Mbps with relatively low power levels when compared to other methods of wireless communication. This has been implemented using a combination of discrete components (semiconductor laser and driver, fast-response Si photodiode and interface) integrated at board level together with reconfigurable logic (encoder, decoder and processing circuits implemented using Xilinx KCU105 board with Kintex UltraScale FPGA). Experimental validation has been performed using a tissue sample that achieves representative level of attenuation/scattering (porcine skin) in the optical path. Results reveal that the system can operate at data rates up to 300 Mbps with a bit error rate (BER) of less than 10-10 , and an energy efficiency of 37 pJ/bit. This can communicate, for example, 1,024 channels of broadband neural data sampled at 18 kHz, 16bit with only 11 mW power consumption.

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“…Near-field communication (NFC) has proven to be a reliable data transfer technology in a series of biomedical implants and devices: the communication interface, based on inductive coupling of two coils, is hereby complementing the actual sensor front-end by establishing the connection to the corresponding data processing unit. Among others, inductive communication technologies have been applied in biomedical sensor systems to monitor physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, or gastrointestinal activity [ 1 , 2 ], to analyze biochemical fluids [ 3 , 4 ], to improve hearing in cochlear implants [ 5 ], to reestablish vision in retinal implants [ 6 ], and to analyze and record neural signals in the context of brain–computer interfaces [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very High Bit Rate Near-Field Communication with Low-Interference Coils and Digital Single-Bit Sampling Transceivers for Biomedical Sensor Systems

Stoecklin

Rosch

Yousaf

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The evolution of microelectronics increased the information acquired by today’s biomedical sensor systems to an extent where the capacity of low-power communication interfaces becomes one of the central bottlenecks. Hence, this paper mathematically analyzes and experimentally verifies novel coil and transceiver topologies for near-field communication interfaces, which simultaneously allow for high data transfer rates, low power consumption, and reduced interference to nearby wireless power transfer interfaces. Data coil design is focused on presenting two particular topologies which provide sufficient coupling between a reader and a wireless sensor system, but do not couple to an energy coil situated on the same substrate, severely reducing interference between wireless data and energy transfer interfaces. A novel transceiver design combines the approaches of a minimalistic analog front-end with a fully digital single-bit sampling demodulator, in which rectangular binary signals are processed by simple digital circuits instead of sinusoidal signals being conditioned by complex analog mixers and subsequent multi-bit analog-to-digital converters. The concepts are implemented using an analog interface in discrete circuit technology and a commercial low-power field-programmable gate array, yielding a transceiver which supports data rates of up to 6.78 MBit/s with an energy consumption of just 646 pJ/bit in transmitting mode and of 364 pJ/bit in receiving mode at a bit error rate of 2×10−7, being 10 times more energy efficient than any commercial NFC interface and fully implementable without any custom CMOS technology.

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An Implantable Inductive Near-Field Communication System with 64 Channels for Acquisition of Gastrointestinal Bioelectrical Activity

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

An Inductively Powered Implantable System to Study the Gastrointestinal Electrophysiology in Freely Behaving Rodents

An Inductively Powered Implantable System to Study the Gastrointestinal Electrophysiology in Freely Behaving Rodents

A 300 Mbps 37 pJ/bit UWB-Based Transcutaneous Optical Biotelemetry Link

Very High Bit Rate Near-Field Communication with Low-Interference Coils and Digital Single-Bit Sampling Transceivers for Biomedical Sensor Systems

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