An improved algorithm using a Health Canada‐approved DNA‐image cytometry system for non‐invasive screening of high‐grade oral lesions

Parfenova, Ekaterina; Liu, Kelly Y.P.; Harrison, Alan; MacAulay, Calum; Guillaud, Martial; Poh, Catherine F.

doi:10.1111/jop.13149

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It is unclear whether this additional cytological element may act as a confounding factor or provide additional predictive value. Recently published data, based on cytological samples, suggest it adds little and that diagnostic algorithms would be improved by omitting it (Parfenova, 2019;Parfenova et al, 2020). In most studies, DNA aneuploid status alone is used as the test result.…”

Section: Dna Aneuploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity as risk markers for malignant transformation in oral mucosa

Odell

2021

Oral Diseases

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Many biomarkers have been assessed for ability to predict malignant transformation (development of squamous carcinoma) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Two are supported by a significant body of evidence from follow-up and prospective studies and clinical trials: aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity (Nikitakis et al., 2018). Aneuploidy is a change from the normal DNA or chromosomal complement in a cell and is assessed by either detecting specific chromosomal amplifications and deletions or non-specifically by measuring total cell DNA content (Danielsen et al., 2016). Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is the loss of one of pair of alleles at a constitutional heterozygous locus and is assessed by detecting small DNA sequence changes at specific chromosomal loci, usually near tumour suppressor genes (Thiagalingam et al., 2001). Despite their different biological bases, both techniques are markers of relatively large genetic changes and chromosomal instability. This is because the highly sequence-specific LOH changes detected reflect much larger DNA changes including deletions, whole chromosome loss, unbalanced rearrangements, abnormal recombination or acquired uniparental disomy (Makishima & Maciejewski, 2011). Thus, although these methods appear very different, both reflect chromosomal instability and aneuploidy. Chromosomal instability (duplication or deletion of chromosomes or parts of chromosomes) and genomic instability (changes in DNA sequence, microsatellite (stretches of DNA short tandem repeats with high mutation rate) or chromosomal structure) are

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Section: Dna Aneuploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity as risk markers for malignant transformation in oral mucosa

Odell

2021

Oral Diseases

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“…Previous studies by our group in specialist clinic settings have shown DNA‐ICM to be more effective in detecting high‐grade dysplasia, cancers, or LGD at a high‐risk of progression 28,29 . This may explain the low sensitivity of DNA‐ICM in detecting LGD in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…27 Previous studies by our group in specialist clinic settings have shown DNA-ICM to be more effective in detecting high-grade dysplasia, cancers, or LGD at a high-risk of progression. 28,29 This may explain the low sensitivity of DNA-ICM in detecting LGD in our study. Thus, DNA-ICM may be more useful for detecting high grade dysplasia and high-risk LGDs that should be followed-up or treated following screening.…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 67%

Use of DNA image cytometry in conducting oral cancer screening in rural India

et al. 2022

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Objectives: Oral cancer screening can assist in the early detection of oral potentially malignant lesions (OPMLs) and prevention of oral cancers. It can be challenging for clinicians to differentiate OPMLs from benign conditions. Adjunct screening tools such as fluorescence visualisation (FV) and DNA image cytometry (DNA-ICM) have shown success in identifying OPMLs in high-risk clinics. For the first time we aimed to assess these technologies in Indian rural settings and evaluate if these tools helped clinicians identify high-risk lesions during screening.Methods: Dental students and residents screened participants in five screening camps held in villages outside of Hyderabad, India, using extraoral, intraoral, and FV examinations. Lesion and normal tissue brushings were collected for DNA-ICM analysis and cytology.Results: Of the 1116 participants screened, 184 lesions were observed in 152 participants. Based on white light examination (WLE), 45 lesions were recommended for biopsy. Thirty-five were completed on site; 25 (71%) were diagnosed with low-grade dysplasias (17 mild, 8 moderate) and the remaining 10 showed no signs of dysplasia.FV loss was noted in all but one dysplastic lesion and showed a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 17%. Cytology combined with DNA-ICM had a sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 86% in detecting dysplasia. Conclusion:DNA-ICM combined with cytology identified the majority of dysplastic lesions and identified additional lesions, which were not considered high-risk during WLE and biopsy on site. Efforts to follow-up with these participants are ongoing. FV identified most high-risk lesions but added limited value over WLE.

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“…For molecular analysis, mass spectrometry [ 123 , 124 ] and DNA-image cytometry (DNA-ICM) [ 42 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 ] are utilized. DNA-ICM analysis can detect gross alterations of cellular DNA content representing aneuploidy [ 130 ]. Due to the lower cost and accessibility of brush biopsies, they are suitable to serve as a robust non-invasive automated oral cancer screening tool for mass screening to promote early oral cancer detection and decrease the number of unnecessary invasive biopsies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Oral Biopsies, Sample Types, and Detection Techniques Applied in Relation to Oral Cancer Detection

Yang

Wei

Thong

et al. 2022

BioTech

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Background: Early identification of the stage of oral cancer development can lead to better treatment outcomes and avoid malignant transformation. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview that describes the development of standardized procedures for oral sample collection, characterization, and molecular risk assessment. This can help investigators to choose the appropriate sampling method and downstream analyses for different purposes. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Using both PubMed and Web of Science databases, four independent authors conducted a literature search between 15 and 21 June 2021. We used key search terms to broaden the search for studies. Non-conforming articles were removed using an EndNote-based and manual approach. Reviewers used a designed form to extract data. Results: This review included a total of 3574 records, after eliminating duplicate articles and excluding papers that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, 202 articles were included in this review. We summarized the sampling methods, biopsy samples, and downstream analysis. The biopsy techniques were classified into tissue and liquid biopsy. The common sequential analysis of tissue biopsy includes histopathological examination such as H&E or IHC to identify various pathogenic features. Meanwhile, liquid samples such as saliva, blood, and urine are analyzed for the purpose of screening to detect mutations in cancer. Commonly used technologies are PCR, RT-PCR, high-throughput sequencing, and metabolomic analysis. Conclusions: Currently, tissue biopsies provide increased diagnostic value compared to liquid biopsy. However, the minimal invasiveness and convenience of liquid biopsy make it a suitable method for mass screening and eventual clinical adoption. The analysis of samples includes histological and molecular analysis. Metabolite analysis is rising but remains scarce.

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An improved algorithm using a Health Canada‐approved DNA‐image cytometry system for non‐invasive screening of high‐grade oral lesions

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity as risk markers for malignant transformation in oral mucosa

Aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity as risk markers for malignant transformation in oral mucosa

Use of DNA image cytometry in conducting oral cancer screening in rural India

A Systematic Review of Oral Biopsies, Sample Types, and Detection Techniques Applied in Relation to Oral Cancer Detection

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