An improved form of standard ionization chamber

Taylor, Lauriston S.; Singer, George

doi:10.6028/jres.005.029

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The attenuation data were taken with a free-air standard ionization chamber (Taylor and Singer, 1930) at the Radiation Physics Laboratory of the National Bureau of Standards. * The X-ray tube was a Machlett Type OEG-50 operated at 50 kV constant potential and 35 mA tube current.…”

Section: Spectra From a Tube Operated At 50 Kv Constant Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Spectrum from a Beryllium Window Tube: II. Laplace Transformation

Wang¹,

Raridon²,

Crawford³

1957

BJR

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A CONTINUOUS X-ray spectrum can be determined by indirect measurements as well as by direct methods. The indirect method used here is the spectral determination from attenuation data by means of the Laplace transformation. Intuitively, this method does not seem difficult. If a spectrum is given, it is a simple matter of calculation to obtain the attenuation curve for an absorber whose absorption coefficient as a function of wavelength is known. Conversely, if an attenuation curve and the absorption data are given, it is quite conceivable that one should be able to derive the spectrum. However, the actual procedure is not a simple one. The mathematical operation on which this method depends is the Laplace transformation. The problem was first formulated by Silberstein (1932Silberstein ( , 1933 and later developed by Bell (1936), Jones (1940, Greening (1947Greening ( , 1950 and others. The gist of the method is as follows:let I o = the intensity of the primary X-ray beam,

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Section: Spectra From a Tube Operated At 50 Kv Constant Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Spectrum from a Beryllium Window Tube: II. Laplace Transformation

Wang¹,

Raridon²,

Crawford³

1957

BJR

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“…(0 (x ) will be considered positive if the lines F' are further apart than L at th at valu e of x.) If one considers a thickness T of the r esistive medium, and its resistivity is 6 The question of wbether or not t he fi eld is uniform when t he grounded shield is not present is discussed furtber in the next section . …”

Section: Methods Of Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(The lines F' and F" are purely sch ematic, and are designed to show the direction of shift of the lines of force rather than a detailed shap e.) For the configurations to be studied h ere, tllese lines of force would be normal to the electrodes (as shown by the dashed lines F ) jf the grounded box were removed. 6 To determine the decrease in collecting volume caused by the presence of B, (i. e., by th e shift of th e lines from F to F' ) one co uld simulate the cross section of Lhe chamber i.n an electrolytic tank [7], and plot th e lines of force. However , it has proven difficult to achieve an accuracy of 1 percent in the field plots obtained with an electrolytic tank [7], so that thi.s technique is of limited usc h ere.…”

Section: Methods Of Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of field distortion in free-air ionization chambers by analog method

Miller¹,

Kennedy²

1955

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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A two dimensional allaJog of a free-air ionization chamber for the measurement of fi eld distortion was obtained by painting conducting lines on resistance paper to represent cross sections of the electrodes. Guard wires were simulated by driving record p layer needles into the paper . The volume of the chamber from which charge was collected was r elated to the resistance b etween two of the lines on the paper, and small changes in this volume could be determined accurately by observing resistance changes. Grounded plates external to the chamber were simulated by additional lines painted on the paper, and the effect of t hese plates on the collecting volume was determined by measuring a change in res istance as the potential of these (simulated) external plates was changed. M easurements were also made for gnards in the form of double wires and strips. Ther e is some evidence from m easurements on three dimensional ionization chambers t hat the top a nd bottom of t he surrounding grounded X-ray shield tends to decrease the effects of distortion caused by the ends of the X-ray shield, so that the data obtained here would represent an upper limit to the error for the indicated chamber cross section.

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Ionization Chambers

Boag¹

1956

Radiation Dosimetry

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An improved form of standard ionization chamber

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

X-ray Spectrum from a Beryllium Window Tube: II. Laplace Transformation

X-ray Spectrum from a Beryllium Window Tube: II. Laplace Transformation

Measurement of field distortion in free-air ionization chambers by analog method

Ionization Chambers

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