An Improved Model for Force Transients in Turning

Abstract

An improved model for force transients in turning is introduced to incorporate the geometry of the cut, as well as plowing at the cutting edge and rubbing of the flank wear land against the workpiece surface. This model is compared experimentally with the existing force models and is shown to provide an accurate representation of the force transients.

An Evaluation of Ploughing Models for Orthogonal Machining

“…This observed angle is used in Eqs. (3), (13), (18), and (19) for calculation of forces rather than the nominal rake angle (held constant at 0°). The average thickness of the machined chip t c is computed from the chip mass, length, and average width.…”

“…The first studies on a ploughing component of cutting forces in orthogonal machining were presented by Masuko [1] and Albrecht [2], who found ploughing forces to be considerable, though many of their methods and conclusions have been seriously questioned. Since then a number of other authors have attempted to clarify the existence and importance of ploughing forces [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and to link them with the concepts of cutting process dynamics [10][11][12][13][14], machined surface quality [15,16], and worn tool forces [7,[17][18][19]. Much disagreement and debate has ensued, leaving the issue unresolved and an accepted model of ploughing unformulated.…”