JBIR-141 (1) and JBIR-142 (2) were discovered as potent Foxo3a inhibitors that consist of three quite unique substructures, a 1-((dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole-4-carboxylic acid that is originated from Ala-Thr amino acid residues, a 3-acetoxy-4-amino-7-(hydroxy(nitroso)amino)-2,2-dimethylheptanoic acid, and an α-acyl tetramic acid fused with a 2-methylpropan-1-ol moiety. Their structures involving absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data, chemical degradation, anisotropy methods, and LC-MS analyses of diastereomeric derivatives. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited specific inhibition against Foxo3a transcriptional activity with IC50 values of 23.1 and 166.2 nM, respectively.