An in ovo investigation on antiviral activity of Cannabis sativa extracts against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)

Abstract

A central tenet underlying the use of plant preparations is that plants contain many bioactive phytochemical compounds used for myriad of pharmacological purposes (Maria, 2016). One of the earliest used plants in history is as fossil Cannabis sativa record data reveals the regular use of plant extracts by humans for therapeutic purposes (Alfred, 2013; Federica et al., 2018). From that point, the development of traditional medical system incorporating plants as a means of therapy can be traced back only as far as record documents (Nunez-Selles et al., 2007). Many plant parts are used as medicine for humans and livestock; whole seeds and seed oil are eaten by human, seeds and leaves are fed to animals, seeds oil and stalks are burned for fuel. Whole plants, leaves and wood have environmental uses, bark, fiber and seeds are also of ritual importance (Ullah, 2011; Esra et al., 2012). Newcastle disease (ND) is a transmissible and notifiable disease caused by a single stranded, non-segmented, negative sense RNA virus, also known as Avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1) (Haque et al., 2010). The virus of the genus subfamily Paramyxovirinae and of Avulovirus, the family Paramyxoviridae, is an acute, highly contagious rapidly spreading viral disease of domestic poultry and other wild species of birds of all ages (Iran et al., 2013; Aamir et al., 2014). It is considered to be among the most important viral diseases of poultry worldwide and a major

In vitro antimicrobial activity of Cannabis sativa (Hemp) extracts against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from Broilers Chicken

“…These compounds corresponded with those reported by Aslam et al (2009). Similarly, Abubakar et al . (2020) in their studies on the phytochemical constituents of petroleum ether, ethyl-acetate and methanolic extracts of .…”

“…Some of the plants have been found to possess significant antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidiuretic, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties (Sule et al, 2010;Timothy et al, 2012;Adelowo and Oladeji, 2016). Whole plants, leaves and wood have environmental uses, bark, fiber and seeds are also of ritual importance (Esra et al, 2012;Abubakar et al, 2020).…”

Antibacterial activity of Cannabis sativa extracts against Salmonella Gallinarum isolated from Poultry

“…Findings of our previous study on the phytochemical constituents of plant extracts revealed that C. sativa C. sativa leaves and seeds extracts are rich source of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannins, phenol, steroids, glycoside, saponins and triterpenoid (Abubakar et al, 2020b). The presences of these secondary metabolites that are biologically active are responsible for the antibacterial activities of .…”

“…The result of the phytochemical analysis of plant C. sativa extracts using petroleum ether and methanol solvents is presented in our earlier study (Abubakar et al, 2020b).…”

Antimicrobial and Antiviral (SARS-CoV-2) Potential of Cannabinoids and Cannabis sativa: A Comprehensive Review

“…THC (10 µM) exhibited a reduction of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in MT4-R5 cells, which was administered 28 days prior to virus inoculation [ 138 ]. C. sativa plant extracts exhibited significant antiviral activity ( p < 0.05) against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) [ 139 ]. THC inhibited lytic replication and reactivation of gamma herpesvirus, which indicates that ECS is possibly involved in regulating its latency.…”