The current state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have dominated the small format battery market for portable electronic devices, i.e., 3C products, namely, computer, communication and consumer electronics. The implementation of such technologies into automotive like hybrid (HEVs), plugin (PHEVs), or fully battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is also quite successful. However, the realization of pure electrical propulsion requires battery materials that enable high energies to meet demands of a ∼500 km driving range, and a 10-year lifetime with driving range of 250,000 km. To achieve such a goal, the key challenge for both chemists and electrochemical engineers lies in increasing the battery energy density, while retains a long cycle life. At the moment, cathode materials remain the bottleneck due to their rather low capacity, compared with anode materials (generally graphite). Among all the common cathode materials, layered LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) has overwhelming advantages for its high reversible capacity, rather low cost, good environmental benignity and high structural stability. However, the current NCM still suffers from two notable shortcomings: 1) poor rate capability especially at high Crates due to rather sluggish Li + diffusion kinetics; 2) fatal capacity degradation upon prolonged cycles mainly resulting from side reactions between electrode and electrolyte. Therefore, further improvements are highly desired to address these issues and satisfy the requirements for practical applications. Bearing these targets in mind, the main aims of my Ph.D. project are: 1) synthesis of NCM cathode materials with high Crate capability and stable long-term cyclability; 2) demonstration of their practical feasibility in full cell applications, both by fabricating full lithium-ion cells with a combination of our modified cathode electrode, and via directly employing metallic lithium as anode electrode to assemble lithium metal cells (in ionic liquid electrolyte system). To address the issue of poor Crate capability, we employed a strategy of preparation of 1D bar-like LiNi0.4Co0.2Mn0.