An in vitro screening paradigm for extracts of whole foods for detection of potential toxicants

Quantitative approaches for assessing dose–response relationships in genetic toxicology studies

“…This was originally considered suitable because mutagenic potential was thought to be a rare property of only a few chemicals to which exposure could simply be prevented. However, with accumulating experience, it has become apparent that many chemicals, both synthetic and natural, can induce genetic damage [Galloway et al, 1987;Moore and Brock, 1988;Seeberg et al, 1988;Kultz and Chakravarty, 2001;Charles et al, 2002;Claxton et al, 2010].…”

Organic Food: Buying More Safety or Just Peace of Mind? A Critical Review of the Literature

“…Thus, contemporary tools for risk management and regulation of synthetic pesticide residues (like the Acceptable Daily Intake, ADI) are not readily applicable to inherent plant toxicants, because in many instances they would preclude consumption of the food (Essers et al, 1998). Only recently have some standardized laboratory tests been developed in an attempt to determine the potential risk posed to animals and humans from eating these plants (Charles et al, 2002). At present, therefore, it is difficult to evaluate the significance of the presence of natural toxins in the diet, much more than it is to compare the effects of organic and conventional cultivation systems in this respect.…”

The effect of brevenal on brevetoxin-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes

“…The more fragments of DNA present in the lymphocyte nucleus, the greater the number of small fragments attracted to the negative electrode of the gel box due to the inherent charge on DNA, resulting in DNA separation. Following a 40-minute period in the gel box, the slides were removed and neutralized using a tris-base solution and allowed to dry overnight (Charles et al 2002;Rojas et al 1999).…”