An information, education and communication module to reduce dietary salt intake and blood pressure among tea garden workers of Assam

Borah, Prasanta Kumar; Kalita, H.C.; Paine, Suman Kalyan; Khaund, Purnananda; Bhattacharjee, Chandra Kanta; Hazarika, D. K.; Sharma, Meenakshi; Mahanta, Jagadish

doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2017.08.008

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Most of the studies included both genders, two recruited only females [ 34 , 38 ], and one study included only males [ 39 ]. Of the 50 trials, 25 assessed the effects of the interventions among hypertensive participants [ 23 , 24 , 26 , 29 – 31 , 39 , 42 – 50 , 52 – 54 , 58 ], three among normotensive individuals [ 30 , 34 , 35 ], and 22 among both hypertensive and normotensive participants [ 21 , 22 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 36 – 38 , 40 , 41 , 51 , 55 – 57 , 59 , 60 ]. In 29 studies, BP was measured with an automatic sphygmomanometer, in five with a manual mercury sphygmomanometer [ 31 , 40 , 42 , 49 , 53 ], and six studies did not report BP measurement method [ 22 , 30 , 48 , 51 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the quality criteria mentioned in the methods section, 18 studies were regarded as high-quality [ 22 , 23 , 25 , 27 – 30 , 36 , 37 , 43 – 46 , 51 , 53 , 57 , 61 ], 18 as moderate [ 21 , 24 , 26 , 31 , 33 – 35 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 47 – 50 , 54 , 56 , 58 – 60 ], and two studies as low-quality [ 40 , 55 ]. All RCTs described the randomization, of which 4 studies had an inappropriate random allocation method [ 39 , 40 , 50 , 54 ], and 17 studies did not provide precise information of randomization [ 24 , 26 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 55 , 56 , 58 – 60 ]. While 15 studies used allocation concealment to prevent selection bias [ 23 , 27 – 30 , 37 , ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of salt reduction interventions in lowering blood pressure: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

et al. 2022

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Background Excessive salt intake results in hypertension (HTN), which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of salt reduction interventions on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Methods Studies were identified via systematic searches of the databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. All the studies examining the effectiveness of salt reduction interventions on blood pressure (BP), regardless of age, sex, and HTN status, were included in the systematic review, and eligible studies were used in the meta-analysis. A random-effect model was applied for quantitative data synthesis. Results A total of 50 trials extracted from 40 articles (21 trials on nutrition education,10 on self-help materials,17 on salt substitutes, and 2 on food reformulation) were included in the systematic review. The pooled results of 44 eligible trials showed that salt substitution and nutrition education interventions had significant effects on both SBP (WMD: -7.44 mmHg, P<0.001 and WMD: -2.75 mmHg, P<0.001, respectively), and DBP (WMD: -3.77 mmHg, P<0.001 and WMD: -2.11 mmHg, P<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, using self-help materials led to a significant reduction in SBP among subjects aged 25–60 years (WMD: -2.60 mmHg, P = 0.008); it also decreased both SBP and DBP among those who were hypertensive (WMD: -3.87 mmHg, P = 0.003 and WMD: -2.91 mmHg, P<0.001, respectively). Conclusion Our results supported that salt substitution and nutrition education are effective nutrition strategies to lower BP. It seems that multi-component approaches could be more effective in improving BP status. However, further trials are required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt reduction interventions in lowering blood pressure: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

et al. 2022

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“… 40 Association of extra salt (salt as side dish) consumption with SDH warrants initiation of salt restriction intervention program to control hypertension. 41 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of hypertension subtypes in a hill tribe of Mizoram, Northeast India

Borah

Mahanta

Kalita

et al. 2020

Indian Heart Journal

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Objective Hypertension is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. With increasing age there is differential rise of systolic and diastolic blood pressure leading to development of various hypertension subtypes which have its own clinical implications. Present study assessed distribution and risk factors of hypertensive subtypes in the hill tribe of Mizoram. Methods The present study was a community-based cross-sectional study carried out in Aizawl, Mizoram representing both rural (fourteen villages) and urban (six wards) population and which were selected by PPS method. Individuals aged 18 years and above providing informed verbal consent were included for collection of sociodemographic and clinical data including blood pressure. Of the total 12,313 subjects (Urban: 5853, Rural: 6460) & (Male: 5459, Female: 6854) surveyed, 549 hypertensive subjects who were under antihypertensive treatment were excluded. Hypertension subtype was defined as per standard guidelines. Results Out of 11,764 study individuals, 88.03% (CI: 87.43–88.61) were normotensive and 11.97% (CI: 11.39–12.57) individuals were hypertensive. Prevalence of ISH, IDH and SDH were 241(2.05%), 403 (3.43%) and 764 (6.49%) respectively. Older age, unmarried participants, physical inactivity and obesity are found to be associated with ISH. Male gender, older age, higher educational status, physical inactivity, consumption of extra salt, alcohol consumption, use of tuibur and high BMI were significantly associated with SDH. Conclusions The overall prevalence of hypertension with its subtypes specifically isolated systolic hypertension are low in this hill tribe of Mizoram. It is the right time for initiating intervention programme to modify the risk factors associated with hypertension.

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“…A study from Gambia shows that mass media was an effective and feasible means to make a change in maternal health service utilization and care [35]. A similar observation seemed in India that IEC approaches appeared appropriate for consuming a low salt diet to control hypertension [36] however, flip chart seemed ineffective for food hygiene and food safety [37]. IEC could be useful not only for making changes in behaviour but also for preparedness, response, and mitigation for disaster that may save lives and resources [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Association of information, education, and communication with enrolment in health insurance: a case of Nepal

Acharya

Devkota²,

Gautam³

et al. 2020

Arch Public Health

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Background Many studies indicate that various health programmes have been failed because of the lack of appropriate information, education, and communication [IEC] for the target audiences. It is still unanswered which methods/means of communication could be the most powerful for changing behaviour or decision-making capacity. The paper aims to assess the effects of IEC on family enrolment in health insurance programme [HIP] in Nepal. Methods We employed a household-based observational study with a control group. Altogether 810 household interviews were conducted in Baglung and Kailali districts of Nepal in 2018. The study used a validated structured interview schedule. Background characteristics of the family and respondents and their exposure to the means of communication were the independent variables while enrolment in health insurance [HI] was the dependent variable. Results Data showed that 72% of the respondents heard about the HI and 66% knew the contribution amount for enrolment in HI. In the total enrolled households, 53% were household heads, 59% belonged to the age group 41–60 and 68% were above 60 years. More than half (56%) of rich compared to 46 and 49% of middle and poor (p < 0.05); 60% of the family member suffering from the chronic disease were enrolled in the HI. Similarly, 68% of those who heard about HI compared to 4 % who did not hear were enrolled (p < 0.001). A vast majority (69%) of those knowing contribution amount, 73% who interact with peer neighbour compared to 39% who did not, and 62% of those who listened to the radio and 63% of those who watched TV were enrolled in HI (p < 0.001). However, heard about HI (aOR = 21.18, 95%CI: 10.17–44.13, p < 0.001), knowledge about contribution amount (aOR = 5.13, 95%CI: 3.09–8.52, p < 0.001), having HI related books or guidelines (aOR = 4.84, 95%CI: 2.61–8.98, p < 0.001), and interact with peer or neighbours (aOR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.34–2.65, p < 0.01) were appeared to be positive and significant predictors for enrolment in HI. Conclusion Knowledge about HI and interaction with peers and neighbours about the HI scheme of the government could lead to higher participation in the HIP. It would be better to incorporate this strategy while planning interventions for increasing enrolment in the HIP.

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An information, education and communication module to reduce dietary salt intake and blood pressure among tea garden workers of Assam

Abstract: Our IEC module created awareness about risk of hypertension associated with high salt intake and could reduce dietary salt intake and BP.

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of salt reduction interventions in lowering blood pressure: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

Effect of salt reduction interventions in lowering blood pressure: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

Distribution of hypertension subtypes in a hill tribe of Mizoram, Northeast India

Association of information, education, and communication with enrolment in health insurance: a case of Nepal

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