An innovative green synthesis approach of chitosan nanoparticles and their inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic Botrytis cinerea on strawberry leaves

Abstract

Green synthesis is a newly emerging field of nanobiotechnology that offers economic and environmental advantages over traditional chemical and physical protocols. Nontoxic, eco-friendly, and biosafe materials are used to implement sustainable processes. The current work proposes a new biological-based strategy for the biosynthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) using Pelargonium graveolens leaves extract. The bioconversion process of CNPs was maximized using the response surface methodology. The best combination of the tested parameters that maximized the biosynthesis process was the incubation of plant extract with 1.08% chitosan at 50.38 °C for 57.53 min., yielding 9.82 ± 3 mg CNPs/mL. Investigation of CNPs by SEM, TEM, EDXS, zeta potential, FTIR, XRD, TGA, and DSC proved the bioconversion process's success. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of the biosynthesized CNPs was screened against a severe isolate of the phytopathogenic Botrytis cinerea. CNPs exerted efficient activity against the fungal growth. On strawberry leaves, 25 mg CNPs/mL reduced the symptoms of gray mold severity down to 3%. The higher concentration of CNPs (50 mg/mL) was found to have a reverse effect on the infected area compared with those of lower concentrations (12.5 and 25 mg CNPs/mL). Therefore, additional work is encouraged to reduce the harmful side effects of elevated CNPs concentrations.

Green synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles, optimization, characterization and antibacterial efficacy against multi drug resistant biofilm-forming Acinetobacter baumannii

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Exploration of a novel and efficient source for production of bacterial nanocellulose, bioprocess optimization and characterization

“…DF values ranged from 0 (undesirable) to 1 (desirable). The desirability function value is often determined mathematically prior to experimental validation of the optimization process 91 . The optimal predicted conditions for maximal response were identified using the DF option in the Design Expert Software (version 11).…”

Cytotoxicity Enhancement in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells with Depolymerized Chitosan Delivery of α-Mangostin

“…The 2D TEM images unquestionably show that the CNPs exhibit highly porous surfaces due to their low agglomeration attributes. These porous CNPs and deagglomeration have been considered as key phenomena for the synthesis of novel CNPs, thereby maximizing their usefulness as nanomaterials in biomedical and agricultural applications, where their porous nature can effectively absorb harmful chemicals and antagonize pathogens, in our case useful in the release of active substances and enhancement of cytotoxicity [ 73 , 74 ]. Agglomeration and adsorption phenomena of CS NPs were observed by Mikušová et al to reduce agglomeration; they physically fused CS NPs with fine lactose-PEG3000 microparticles, Lac/PEG3000 MPs (~5 µm), to reduce their agglomeration via the surface adsorption phenomenon [ 40 ].…”