An Insight into Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Polysaccharides from Natural Resources

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a chronic metabolic disease caused by the abnormal metabolism of lipoproteins in the human body. Its main hazard is to accelerate systemic atherosclerosis, which causes cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and thrombosis. At the same time, although the current hypolipidemic drugs have a certain therapeutic effect, they have side effects such as liver damage and digestive tract discomfort. Many kinds of polysaccharides from natural resources possess therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia but still lack a comprehensive understanding. In this paper, the research progress of natural polysaccharides on reducing blood lipids in recent years is reviewed. The pharmacological mechanisms and targets of natural polysaccharides are mainly introduced. The relationship between structure and hypolipidemic activity is also discussed in detail. This review will help to understand the value of polysaccharides in lowering blood lipids and provide guidance for the development and clinical application of new hypolipidemic drugs.

Imine Derivatives of Benzoxazole Attenuate High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia by Modulation of Lipid-Regulating Genes

“…Hyperlipidemia is a multifaceted disorder associated with increased levels of free fatty acids, TG, and LDL as well as reduced plasma HDL concentration that accelerates other cerebrovascular diseases including the development of atherosclerosis thrombosis and coronary heart diseases. , Noticeable side effects and limitations associated with antihyperlipidemic drugs have retained the interest of scientists in the discovery of new, safer, and better alternative candidates . Approximately 75% of the “Food and Drug Administration”-approved molecules having cholesterol lowering potential contain a common nitrogen heterocyclic moiety, such as atorvastatin (pyrrole derivative) and chloroquine (quinoline derivative) .…”

A Review on Nutrients, Phytochemicals, and Health Benefits of Green Seaweed, Caulerpa lentillifera

“…Lipids are one of the important nutrients required by the human body. High intake of lipids, however, could lead to obesity and hyperlipidaemia [ 127 ]. Hyperlipidaemia is characterised by a rise in blood total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and a reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) [ 128 ].…”

The anti-hyperlipidemic effect and underlying mechanisms of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) grass polysaccharides in mice induced by a high-fat diet

“…[6][7][8] Growing evidence further indicates that polysaccharides can effectively prevent and treat hyperlipidemia due to their diverse struc-tures, few side effects, high safety, and no drug resistance. 1,9,10 For instance, Li et al reported that Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide (ASKP) at a medium dose and high dose significantly decreased the serum concentrations of TC, TG, and LDL-C in obese mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) (P < 0.05), and the serum concentration of HDL-C was remarkably increased (P < 0.05), indicating that ASKP can effectively regulate lipid metabolism in mice and is beneficial for the health of mice. 11 Similarly, Ge et al investigated the lipid-lowering activity of Helvella leucopus polysaccharide (HLP) through a HFD-induced mouse model and revealed that HLP could ameliorate hyperlipidemia by lowering the weight gain, modulating the serum concentrations of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C, attenuating the serum concentrations of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and free fatty acid, and elevating the activity and mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-α (PPAR-α), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, and CoA synthetase in HFD-fed mice.…”

“…19,20 In particular, dietary polysaccharides have been frequently documented to improve obesity, hyperlipidemia, and gut diseases triggered by HFD through modulating gut microbiota. 9,21,22 For instance, Guo et al investigated the anti-obesity activities of Chlorella pyrenoidosa polysaccharide (CPS) and Spirulina platensis polysaccharide (SPS) in HFD-treated C57BL/6 mice via using β-glucan as a standard. They found that CPS and SPS had the same protective effects on overweight conditions, energy imbalance, dyslipidemia, and inflammation.…”