An Insight into Nano Silver Fluoride-Coated Silk Fibroin Bioinspired Membrane Properties for Guided Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

The current work focuses on the development of a novel electrospun silk fibroin (SF) nonwoven mat as a GTR membrane with antibacterial, biomineralization and biocompatible properties. The γ-poly glutamic acid (γ-PGA)-capped nano silver fluoride (NSF) and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) were first synthesized, which were dip-coated onto electrospun silk fibroin mats (NSF-SF and SDF-SF). UV-Vis spectroscopy and TEM depicted the formation of silver nanoparticles. NSF-SF and SDF-SF demonstrated antibacterial properties (against Porphyromonas gingivalis) with 3.1 and 6.7 folds higher relative to SF, respectively. Post-mineralization in simulated body fluid, the NSF-SF effectively promoted apatite precipitation (Ca/P ~1.67), while the SDF-SF depicted deposition of silver nanoparticles, assessed by SEM-EDS. According to the FTIR-ATR deconvolution analysis, NSF-SF portrayed ~75% estimated hydroxyapatite crystallinity index (CI), whereas pure SF and SDF-SF demonstrated ~60%. The biocompatibility of NSF-SF was ~82% when compared to the control, while SDF-coated samples revealed in vitro cytotoxicity, further needing in vivo studies for a definite conclusion. Furthermore, the NSF-SF revealed the highest tensile strength of 0.32 N/mm and 1.76% elongation at break. Therefore, it is substantiated that the novel bioactive and antibacterial NSF-SF membranes can serve as a potential candidate, shedding light on further in-depth analysis for GTR applications.

Self‐Healable Spider Dragline Silk Materials

“…Whereas research into chemically synthesized self‐repairing materials is extensive, the development of natural biomaterials that procure unique healability is still in its infancy. Recently, two forms of biopolymers derived from SRT and silkworm cocoons [ 47,58 ] have been found to perform solvent‐assisted repairability upon damage. From the biomimicry perspective, it's worthwhile deciphering whether the silk materials from spiders also carry the intrinsically‐repairable characteristic.…”

“…Additionally, Bombyx mori cocoons were degummed by 0.02 M Na 2 CO 3 at 80 °C for 1 h. After rinsing and drying, the degummed cocoons dissolved in 9.3 M LiBr at 60 °C for 4 h, dialyzed in DI water, and lyophilized to obtain silk fibroin power for subsequent experiments. [ 47 ]…”

Recent advances on nanomaterials for antibacterial treatment of oral diseases

“…The antibacterial properties of silver were discovered in ancient Greece and recent researches have showed the antibacterial effects of nano-Ag are superior to that of other nano-agents [ [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] ]. Ag has broad spectrum antibacterial activity, which is effective against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and viruses.…”

“…The study suggested shear bond strength (SBS) decreased after incorporation of nano-Ag into the orthodontic adhesive [ 38 ]. However, nano silver fluoride (NSF) coated on a novel electrospun silk fibroin (SF) nonwoven mat as a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane significantly enhanced the tensile strength and elasticity and improved the ability to combat Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ( A. actinomycetemcomitans ) and P. gingivalis [ 48 ].…”

Effect of Polymer Dissolution Temperature and Conditioning Time on the Morphological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes Prepared by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation

“…Since then, these applications have become common in many applications and markets [ 1 ] and, in particular, polymer membrane technologies have expanded to practically every industrial sector including environmental, electronic or biotechnological ones [ 2 ]. Some of the most important membrane applications include batteries [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], fuel cells [ 6 , 7 ], filtration [ 8 , 9 ], air filtration [ 10 , 11 ], water treatment [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], agriculture [ 15 , 16 ], pharmacy [ 17 , 18 ], tissue engineering [ 19 , 20 ], biomedical applications [ 21 , 22 ], among others.…”