An integrated approach for assessment of groundwater quality in and around uranium mineralized zone, Gogi region, Karnataka, India

Manoj, S.; Thirumurugan, M.; Elango, L.

doi:10.1007/s12517-017-3321-5

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The groundwater U concentrations found in this study are comparable with other recent studies within the granitic gneiss complex in Peninsular India (e.g. Babu et al, 2008, Brindha and Elango, 2013, Mathews et al, 2015, Manoj et al, 2017, Kouser et al, 2019.…”

Section: Uranium In Drinking Water and Implications For Health And Exposuresupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These are summarised in Table S1. Concentrations range from <detection limit to >2000 μg/L, with the highest values being reported in the Peninsular granitic gneiss of Kolar and Bengaluru (Babu et al, 2008;Mathews et al, 2015) and limestones in the Gogi and Gulbarga districts in northern Karnataka (Manoj et al, 2017;Kouser et al, 2019). Most studies have focussed on reporting the U occurrence in groundwater, association with particular lithologies and links to U prospecting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India

Lapworth

Brauns

Chattopadhyay

et al. 2021

Applied Geochemistry

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Groundwater resources in the crystalline basement complex of India are crucial for supplying drinking water in both rural and urban settings. Groundwater depletion is recognised as a challenge across parts of India due to over-abstraction, but groundwater quality constraints are perhaps even more widespread and often overlooked at the local scale. Uranium contamination in basement aquifers has been reported in many parts of India, locally exceeding WHO drinking water guideline values of 30 μg/L and posing a potential health risk. In this study 130 water samples were collected across three crystalline basement catchments to assess hydrochemical, geological and anthropogenic controls on uranium mobility and occurrence in drinking water sources. Groundwaters with uranium concentrations exceeding 30 μg/L were found in all three study catchments (30% of samples overall), with concentrations up to 589 μg/L detected. There appears to be a geological control on the occurrence of uranium in groundwater with the granitic gneiss of the Halli and Bengaluru study areas having higher mean uranium concentrations (51 and 68 μg/L respectively) compared to the sheared gneiss of the Berambadi catchment (6.4 μg/L). Uraniumnitrate relationships indicate that fertiliser sources are not a major control on uranium occurrence in these case studies which include two catchments with a long legacy of intense agricultural land use. Geochemical modelling confirmed uranium speciation was dominated by uranyl carbonate species, particularly ternary complexes with calcium, consistent with uranium mobility being affected by redox controls and the presence of carbonates. Urban leakage in Bengaluru led to low pH and low bicarbonate groundwater hydrochemistry, reducing uranium mobility and altering uranium speciation. Since the majority of inhabitants in Karnataka depend on groundwater abstraction from basement aquifers for drinking water and domestic use, exposure to elevated uranium is a public health concern. Improved monitoring, understanding and treatment of high uranium drinking water sources in this region is essential to safeguard public health.

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Section: Uranium In Drinking Water and Implications For Health And Exposuresupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India

Lapworth

Brauns

Chattopadhyay

et al. 2021

Applied Geochemistry

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“…The formula for calculating the sodium adsorption ratio is presented in Eq. ( 4) (Manoj et al 2017):…”

Section: Sodium Adsorption Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of hydrochemical characteristics of open-pit groundwater near a closed metalliferous mine in O’Kiep, Namaqualand Region, South Africa

et al. 2020

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In this study, the hydrochemical characteristic changes of open-pit groundwater (OPGW) near a closed metalliferous mine proposed for drinking and irrigation usage were investigated. Water samples from an OPGW in O'Kiep were collected in April (dry season) and August (wet season), 2017. Data analysis methods, such as the coefficient of variation, correlation coefficient, piper trilinear plot analysis and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) among others were used to assess of the seasonal variation in the OPGW quality. The hydrochemical characteristics of the OPGW were also compared with drinking water guidelines. Based on the results, it was evident that the OPGW quality varied seasonally. The most abundant cation and anions were Ca 2+ and SO 4 2− , with recorded concentrations of 631 and 6020 mg/L, (dry season); 541 and 4450 mg/L (wet season), respectively. The OPGW was relatively rich in SO 4 2− > Cl − > Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > Na + > K + during the dry season; however, these cations and anions were reduced during the wet season with Cl − and Na + subsequently increasing. PHREEQC indicated that cation exchanges played a significant role in the OPGW chemistry with Sb and Ca appearing to be the minerals with the highest precipitation potential followed by Cu 7 S 4 and Blaubleil, respectively. Covellite, CdSe 2 and NiSe were likely to be in equilibrium while Ca 3 Sb 2 will remain in a dissolution state. Furthermore, the seasonal fluctuation in the OPGW quality characteristics was attributed to the water table level fluctuations and the water quality did not satisfy the guidelines stipulated by the South African National Standard, SANS241-1 (2015) and World Health Organisation, WHO (2011). The trilinear piper plot classified the OPGW into three types: Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -Cl − -SO 4 2 ; Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -F − ; and Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -SO 4 2− . Overall, the SAR values were within the permissible levels for irrigation purposes; however, long-term use of the OPGW might be detrimental for plant growth.

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“…Unlike in northern India, no specific pattern of contamination was identified in southern India. Uranium concentrations in regions of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana were noted as sporadic, varying from extremely high (1452 μg L –1 ) to as low as 1 μg L –1 . , Similar distribution of U was observed in the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. − Such spatial distribution of U could likely result from U deposits in unconformities identified in proximity to the contaminated zones of these regions …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Investigation of Potential Drivers of Elevated Uranium Prevalence in Indian Groundwaters with a Unified Speciation Model

Sujathan

Singh

2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Elevated uranium (U) (>WHO limit of 30 μg L −1 ) in Indian groundwaters is primarily considered geogenic, but the specific mineralogical sources and mechanisms for U mobilization are poorly understood. In this contribution, statistical and geochemical analyses of well-constrained metadata of Indian groundwater quality (n = 342 of 8543) were performed to identify key parameters and processes that influence U concentrations. For geochemical predictions, a unified speciation model was developed from a carefully compiled and updated thermodynamic database of inorganic, organic (Stockholm Humic model), and surface complexation reactions and associated constants. Critical U contamination was found at shallow depths (<100 m) within the Indo-Gangetic plain, as determined by bivariate nonparametric Kendall's Tau b and probability-based association tests. Analysis of aquifer redox states, multivariate hierarchical clusters, and principal components indicated that U contamination was predominant not just in oxic but mixed (oxic−anoxic) aquifers under high Fe, Mn, and SO 4 concentrations, presumably due to U release from dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides or Fe sulfides and silicate weathering. Most groundwaters were undersaturated with respect to relevant U-bearing solids despite being supersaturated with respect to atmospheric CO 2 (average pCO 2 of reported dissolved inorganic carbonate (DIC) data = 10 −1.57 atm). Yet, dissolved U did not appear to be mass limited, as predicted solubilities from reported sediment concentrations of U were ∼3 orders of magnitude higher. Integration of surface complexation models of U on typical aquifer adsorbents, ferrihydrite, goethite, and manganese dioxide, was necessary to explain dissolved U concentrations. Uranium contamination probabilities with increasing dissolved Ca and Mn exhibited minima at equilibrium solubilities of calcite [∼50 mg L −1 ] and rhodochrosite [∼0.14 mg L −1 ], respectively, at an average groundwater pH of ∼7.5. A potential indirect control of such U-free carbonate solids on U mobilization was suggested. For locations (n = 37) where dissolved organic carbon was also reported, organic complexes of U contributed negligibly to dominant U speciation at the groundwater pH. Overall, the unified model suggested competitive dissolution−precipitation and adsorption−desorption controls on U speciation. The model provides a quantitative framework that can be extended to understand dominant mobilization mechanisms of geogenic U in aquifers worldwide after suitable modifications to the relevant aquifer parameters.

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An integrated approach for assessment of groundwater quality in and around uranium mineralized zone, Gogi region, Karnataka, India

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India

Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India

Seasonal variation of hydrochemical characteristics of open-pit groundwater near a closed metalliferous mine in O’Kiep, Namaqualand Region, South Africa

Investigation of Potential Drivers of Elevated Uranium Prevalence in Indian Groundwaters with a Unified Speciation Model

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