An Integrated Elitist Approach to the Design of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generators (AFPMWG)

Abstract

This paper addresses an integrated and developed approach to the design of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Wind Generator (AFPMWG). The proposed analytical method of design employs the size equations and precise inductance calculations simultaneously, as well as considering the mechanical constraints of the back-iron disc of the rotor. An Elitist Genetic Algorithm (EGA), such as a high capability optimization method, has been used to solve the equations and design of a wind generator with predefined rating power. The objectives of the coreless AFPMWG design process are minimizing the magnet consumption, maximizing machine efficiency, and achieving maximum sinusoidal induction voltage, considering the wind properties of the geographical area of utilization. The optimal calculation of the permanent magnet thickness is also taken into consideration in this work. The flux density distribution in all parts of the machine has been investigated for the magnetic saturation phenomenon. In this regard, special attention is paid to rotor back discs, which are made from nonlinear material with an optimum thickness. The inductance of the leakage flux of the coreless machine has been considered by parallel computation via the Finite Element Method (FEM) and analytical equations. Finally, three-dimensional and two-dimensional finite element analyses are used to validate the performance of the machine design according to the characteristics of Iran wind resources. The results show the high ability of the proposed approach in AFPMWG design and in considering the objectives and constraints carefully.

Rancang Bangun Generator Magnet Permanen Fluksi Aksial Single Stator Single Rotor

“…Pada bagian piringan stator dipasang kumparan, sedangkan pada bagian piringan rotor dipasang magnet permanen. Untuk mengurangi torsi awal yang besar, maka inti stator dibuat dari bahan non magnetik, seperti bahan diamagnetic atau paramagnetic [8]. Hal ini akan mengurangi tarikan medan magnet terhadap stator.…”

A Review of Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Motors: Topological Structures, Design, Optimization and Control Techniques

“…The optimization design combination was verified in the 3D-FEA model, and the results showed that the efficiency of AFPM motor was up to 91.5 %. Additionally, some studies used hybrid algorithms with GA to optimize the design of AFPM motors, such as a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) combining simulated annealing and father-offspring selection [77], the elitist genetic algorithm (EGA) [87], the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) [88], etc.…”

“…The optimization design combination was verified in the 3D-FEA model, and the results showed that the efficiency of AFPM motor was up to 91.5%. Additionally, some studies used hybrid algorithms with GA to optimize the design of AFPM motors, such as a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) combining simulated annealing and father-offspring selection [77], the elitist genetic algorithm (EGA) [87], the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) [88], etc. With the further development of efficient computer system and optimization theory, new multi-objective optimization algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) [89,90], bat optimization (BO) [91] and the Taguchi algorithm [92] have also been applied to the optimization design of AFPM motors.…”

Design and Analysis of Coreless Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machine with Novel Composite Structure Coils

“…Compared with the conventional radial flux permanent magnet (PM) machine, the axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine can be used in some special applications such as electric vehicles [1], wind turbine systems [2], and unmanned aerial vehicles [3] due to its short axial size, compact structure, disk-shaped profile, and high efficiency. The AFPM machine has a variety of classical structures; wherein, the configuration with double rotors and a single stator is preferred chiefly [4,5], and the stator core is not necessarily required to form a closed magnetic circuit in the design.…”

“…The AFPM machine has a variety of classical structures; wherein, the configuration with double rotors and a single stator is preferred chiefly [4,5], and the stator core is not necessarily required to form a closed magnetic circuit in the design. By eliminating the iron core of the stator, the coreless AFPM machine has the following advantages [6][7][8]: (1) The quality and cost of the machine are reduced; (2) The loss of the stator core and the cogging torque of the machine are eliminated; (3) The inductance of windings is small, and the influence of the stator current on the air gap flux density is almost negligible; (4) The ability of overload is greatly improved; (5) The arrangement of coils is more flexible and not constrained by slots and teeth of the stator.…”