An intelligent strategy for faults location in distribution networks with distributed generation

Abstract

The exact location of faults in the electrical distribution systems is a problem that affects not only the users, but also the companies providing the electric service. With greater time invested in this period, the losses due to unbilled energy and inconvenience to users increases, thus decreasing the quality of service. One of the causes of the growth in time is the misunderstanding that might exist in the localization systems that act under the presence of distributed generation sources in the distribution networks. In this sense, the present research develops an intelligent diagnosis of faults in distribution systems with distributed generation. Three stages are defined: Identification of the type of fault, the location of the zone, and the exact point of fault. A mixed method based on artificial intelligence and mathematical algorithms is applied. Eleven different types of faults that can occur in a distribution system are considered with six different values of fault resistances ranging from 5 to 30. The errors found are less than 2% in the location of the fault point with robustness to variations in the load and the penetration of distributed generation.

RETRACTED CHAPTER: Software Project Planning Through Comparison of Bio-inspired Algorithms

“…They present proposals that seek to solve the problem of planning software projects, but now in a dynamic environment. In [ 19 ] we can find a model for the re-planning problem, as a solution proposal implements a genetic algorithm that seeks to minimize project time and cost. Stability is introduced as the objective of the problem and the disruptive events that it considers are two: arrival of new tasks and the movement of employees (when they arrive or leave).…”

“…If it is less than or equal to 0.2, then a new sprint is assigned, different from the one that was assigned, which is also obtained at random. This value was chosen because it also gave the best results in the preliminary tests [ 19 ].…”

RETRACTED CHAPTER: Optimization of Driving Efficiency for Pre-determined Routes: Proactive Vehicle Traffic Control

“…In this phase, the Adapting Planner is proposed as a tool that executes the following steps to plan a change in the traffic light timer: The Adapting Planner saves, in a variable, the text retrieved from the previous phase file. The Adapting Planner performs the following operation [ 21 – 25 ]: “d” is the value read in step 1. “tCross” is the average time a vehicle takes to pass the crossing.…”

“…The Adapting Planner performs the following operation [ 21 – 25 ]: “d” is the value read in step 1. “tCross” is the average time a vehicle takes to pass the crossing.…”

Impedance-based Fault Location Error Analysis in Distribution Network with Distributed Generation

“…Moreover, with the increasing penetration of Distributed Generators (DGs) in the distribution system, failures tend to be more severe and may cause further system damage. Therefore, distribution companies use fault location methods to mitigate these events and avoid further loss quickly (Perez et al, 2019).…”