“…Contrary to the ESL models, Layer-wise (LW) models [3,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] make a-priori assumptions on the distribution of the displacement and stress fields within each layer. Limiting the discussion to the displacement-based approach, LW models postulates a C 0 -continuous kinematics, that is a distribution of displacements (first of all, in-plane displacements) continuous along the thickness with first derivative showing a jump at layer interfaces (the reason of this discontinuity will be explained hereinafter).…”