An intervention for reducing secondary traumatization and improving professional self-efficacy in well baby clinic nurses following war and terror: A random control group trial

Compassion Fatigue Among Healthcare, Emergency And Community Service Workers: A Systematic Review

“…The majority of studies (n = 10) employed a pre-post design, most of which did not include a long-term follow up (ě8 weeks). Additionally, the length of the intervention period varied considerably from a single four hour session [39] to six, one hour sessions once a week for 12 weeks [43]. This is a concern, as significant behavioural and personal routine modification is required in some cases, without any complementary changes being made to the work-related risk factors such as reduced exposure to traumatised patients or clients or increased rest between shifts.…”

“…Eight (61.5%) of included studies reported a significant difference post-intervention in either CF, or one of the ProQoL subscales BO, CS, or STS. More specifically, five studies (38.5%) [32,34,35,39,41] reported significantly reduced BO and STS, risk factors for CF, and three studies (23.1%) [38,39,43] reported significantly increased CS, a protective factor in the development of CF. Flarity et al, the one study to achieve reduction in BO and STS and an increase is CS, conducted an intensive, two-level intervention amongst emergency nurses involving, firstly, a four hour, interactive group seminar focused the " .…”

“…Of the remaining four included studies, two evaluated interventions focused on building individual resilience [34,35], one aimed to build professional self-efficacy [43], and Stanton et al [36] used Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to increase resilience and empathy, and reduce stress. Eleven studies described single-faceted interventions focusing on yoga, mindfulness, meditation, or music therapy [31][32][33]37,38,40,42], resilience and coping [34,35,41], or transcranial magnetic stimulation [36].…”

“…Eleven studies described single-faceted interventions focusing on yoga, mindfulness, meditation, or music therapy [31][32][33]37,38,40,42], resilience and coping [34,35,41], or transcranial magnetic stimulation [36]. In contrast, Berger et al [43] and Flarity et al [39] described more complex interventions involving on multiple, interactive sessions focused on promoting professional self-efficacy, improving theoretical knowledge, and assigning homework tasks, and individual and group exercises, guided imagery, take home materials including print-outs, DVDs and music CDs, and access to educational resources and publications, respectively. The included studies differed in their methodology; ten studies (76.9%) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]39,41,42] used a pre/post design, two studies (15.4%) used randomised controlled designs (RCTs), one with a waitlist control group [38], the other with a no treatment, concurrent control group [40].…”

“…The included studies differed in their methodology; ten studies (76.9%) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]39,41,42] used a pre/post design, two studies (15.4%) used randomised controlled designs (RCTs), one with a waitlist control group [38], the other with a no treatment, concurrent control group [40]. Finally, Berger et al [43] used a quasi-random control trial with a wait list control group. Intervention periods of the included studies ranged from three to twelve weeks (M = 6.1, SD = 2.7), session length ranged from 16 to 240 min (M = 78.9, SD = 58.6), and the frequency of sessions ranged from once a week to five times a week (M = 1.5, SD = 1.2).…”